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@ARTICLE{Konitsioti:1037240,
      author       = {Konitsioti, Agni M. and Prüss, Harald and Laurent, Sarah
                      and Fink, Gereon Rudolf and Heesen, Christoph and Warnke,
                      Clemens},
      title        = {{C}himeric antigen receptor {T}-cell therapy for autoimmune
                      diseases of the central nervous system: a systematic
                      literature review},
      journal      = {Journal of neurology},
      volume       = {271},
      number       = {10},
      issn         = {0367-004X},
      address      = {[Darmstadt]},
      publisher    = {Steinkopff},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-00573},
      pages        = {6526 - 6542},
      year         = {2024},
      note         = {Funding Open Access funding enabled and organized by
                      Projekt DEAL.},
      abstract     = {Importance: B-cell-targeting monoclonal antibodies have
                      demonstrated safety and efficacy in multiple sclerosis or
                      anti-aquaporin-4 IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum
                      disorder. However, these therapies do not facilitate
                      drug-free remission, which may become possible with
                      cell-based therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor
                      (CAR) T cells. CAR T-cell therapy holds promise for
                      addressing other antibody-mediated CNS disorders, e.g.,
                      MOG-associated disease or autoimmune encephalitis.Objective:
                      To provide an overview of the current clinical knowledge on
                      CAR T-cell therapy in central nervous system
                      autoimmunity.Evidence review: We searched PubMed, Embase,
                      Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and clinicaltrials.gov using the
                      terms 'CAR T cell' and 'multiple sclerosis/MS' or
                      'neuromyelitis optica/spectrum diseases/NMOSD' or
                      'MOG-associated disease/MOGAD 'or' autoimmune encephalitis'
                      or 'neuroimmunology'.Findings: An ongoing phase I clinical
                      trial has indicated the safety and benefits of anti-BCMA CAR
                      T cells in 12 patients with AQP4-IgG seropositive
                      neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Case reports
                      involving two individuals with progressive multiple
                      sclerosis and one patient with stiff-person syndrome
                      demonstrated a manageable safety profile following treatment
                      with anti-CD19 CAR T cells. Recruitment has commenced for
                      two larger studies in MS, and a phase I open-label basket
                      study is underway to evaluate BCMA-directed CAR T cells in
                      various antibody-associated inflammatory diseases, including
                      MOG-associated disease. Preclinical research on NMDA
                      receptor antibody autoimmune encephalitis treated with
                      chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells generated promising
                      data.Conclusions and relevance: There is minimal evidence of
                      the benefits of CAR T-cell therapy in individuals with
                      central nervous system-directed autoimmunity. Nevertheless,
                      multicenter controlled clinical trials with a manageable
                      safety profile appear feasible and are warranted due to very
                      promising case experiences.Keywords: Antibody-mediated CNS
                      disorders; CAR T-cell therapy; Central nervous system
                      autoimmunity; Multiple sclerosis; NMOSD.},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {39276207},
      UT           = {WOS:001321346700002},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00415-024-12642-4},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1037240},
}