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@ARTICLE{Just:1037250,
      author       = {Just, Nathalie and Hoehn, Mathias},
      title        = {{T}o intubate or not? {B}alancing anesthesia in rodent
                      f{MRI}: strategies to mitigate confounding effects},
      journal      = {Cerebral cortex},
      volume       = {35},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {1047-3211},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford Univ. Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-00583},
      pages        = {bhae499},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {This work was supported by the Lundbeck Foundation
                      (Experi-ment grant, grant nr. R370-2021-402) to N.J},
      abstract     = {More than a decade ago, the introduction of intubation and
                      mechanical ventilation for performing blood oxygen
                      level–dependent functional MRI studies in the rodent brain
                      allowed an improved control over the physiological
                      conditions during scanning sessions. An accurate
                      understanding of respiratory parameters permits to respect
                      the 3Rs in animal research, improves significantly the fMRI
                      outcome, and promises improved translational studies.
                      Developments also prompted a better comprehension on
                      anesthetics and their impact on rodent brain physiology and
                      function, bringing new insights on the buildup of carbon
                      dioxide, interhemispheric connectivity, or arousal, which
                      understanding are paramount for maturing better fMRI
                      protocols in awake rodents. Despite many arguments in favor
                      of intubation and subsequent mechanical ventilation, there
                      are also many valid against it. Most importantly, the choice
                      to intubate depends on the anesthesia protocol, where in
                      some cases intubation is essential and impractical in
                      others. This review does not advocate for one approach over
                      the other. Instead, by examining the literature from the
                      past two decades, we aim to provide a comprehensive review
                      of the pros and cons of intubation and mechanical
                      ventilation in fMRI studies, offering arguments for an
                      informed decision tailored to the respective research
                      question.},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1093/cercor/bhae499},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1037250},
}