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@ARTICLE{Wang:1037870,
      author       = {Wang, Rong and Han, Leng and Li, Ning and Chochos, Christos
                      L. and Gregoriou, Vasilis G. and Lüer, Larry and Brabec,
                      Christoph},
      title        = {{R}educing {V}oltage {L}osses in {O}rganic {P}hotovoltaics
                      {R}equires {I}nterfacial {D}isorder {M}anagement},
      journal      = {Advanced energy materials},
      volume       = {14},
      number       = {26},
      issn         = {1614-6832},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-01013},
      pages        = {2400609},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {Thanks to the introduction of non-fullerene acceptors,
                      efficiencies of organic photovoltaics are now approaching
                      $20\%.$ Closing the gap with inorganic photovoltaics
                      requires minimizing voltage losses without penalizing charge
                      extraction, for which microstructure control is crucial.
                      However, the complex interplay between microstructure and
                      charge generation, recombination, and extraction has so far
                      not been unraveled. Here, a systematic study linking device
                      performance to distinct microstructural features via machine
                      learning is presented. Building bi-layer devices allows to
                      separately study the influence of aggregation and disorder
                      on the energies and lifetimes of bulk and interfacial
                      states. Unambiguous assignments of specific structural
                      motifs to the device photophysics are thus possible. It is
                      found that the control of aggregation-caused quenching is
                      decisive for the exciton splitting efficiency and thus the
                      carrier generation. Furthermore, the static disorder at the
                      donor–acceptor interface controls the nonradiative
                      recombination by shifting the excited state population from
                      the bulk toward the interface. Finally, the amount of
                      disorder in the bulk is found decisive for charge
                      extraction. The finding that charge generation,
                      recombination, and extraction are controlled by distinct
                      structural features, is the key to optimizing these motifs
                      independently, which will pave the way for organic
                      photovoltaics toward the detailed balance limit.},
      cin          = {IET-2},
      ddc          = {050},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IET-2-20140314},
      pnm          = {1212 - Materials and Interfaces (POF4-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1212},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:001207989700001},
      doi          = {10.1002/aenm.202400609},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1037870},
}