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@ARTICLE{Luo:1038160,
      author       = {Luo, Dou and Brabec, Christoph and Kyaw, Aung Ko Ko},
      title        = {{N}on-fused ring electron acceptors for high-performance
                      and low-cost organic solar cells: {S}tructure-function,
                      stability and synthesis complexity analysis},
      journal      = {Nano energy},
      volume       = {114},
      issn         = {2211-2855},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-01207},
      pages        = {108661 -},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {In recent years, the development of non-fullerene acceptors
                      (NFAs) has led to rapid advances in organic solar cells
                      (OSCs), resulting in power conversion efficiency (PCE)
                      exceeding $19\%.$ However, the complex molecular
                      architectures of fused ring electron acceptors require
                      increasing steps of synthesis and purification, restricting
                      their mass synthesis and hindering the commercialization of
                      OSCs. Non-fused ring electron acceptors (NFREAs), on the
                      other hand, offer several advantages, including facile
                      synthesis, simple chemical modifications, and easy
                      tunability in the optical band gap, frontier molecular
                      orbitals and absorption spectrum. In the last five years,
                      various types of NFREAs have been designed and synthesized,
                      necessitating a timely review article. In this review, we
                      analyze the molecular structure design and
                      structure-property relationship of NFREAs, discuss their
                      stability and figure-of-merit (FOM) values compared to
                      traditional fused ring electron acceptors, and explore the
                      challenges and prospects of NFREAs for achieving
                      high-performance device and low-cost manufacturing
                      concurrently.},
      cin          = {IET-2},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IET-2-20140314},
      pnm          = {1213 - Cell Design and Development (POF4-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1213},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)36 / PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:001033869100001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108661},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1038160},
}