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@ARTICLE{Leis:1041555,
      author       = {Leis, Arthur and Cherepanov, Vasily and Voigtländer, Bert
                      and Tautz, Frank Stefan},
      title        = {{N}anoscale tip positioning with a multi-tip scanning
                      tunneling microscope using topography images},
      publisher    = {arXiv},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-02312},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Multi-tip scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a powerful
                      method to perform charge transport measurements at the
                      nanoscale. With four STM tips positioned on the surface of a
                      sample, four-point resistance measurements can be performed
                      in dedicated geometric configurations. Here, we present an
                      alternative to the most often used scanning electron
                      microscope (SEM) imaging to infer the corresponding tip
                      positions. After initial coarse positioning monitored by an
                      optical microscope, STM scanning itself is used to determine
                      the inter-tip distances. A large STM overview scan serves as
                      a reference map. Recognition of the same topographic
                      features in the reference map and in small scale images with
                      the individual tips allows to identify the tip positions
                      with an accuracy of about 20 nm for a typical tip spacing of
                      ~1 $μ$m. In order to correct for effects like the
                      non-linearity of the deflection, creep and hysteresis of the
                      piezo-electric elements of the STM, a careful calibration
                      has to be performed.},
      keywords     = {Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) (Other)
                      / FOS: Physical sciences (Other)},
      cin          = {PGI-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-3-20110106},
      pnm          = {5213 - Quantum Nanoscience (POF4-521)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5213},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      doi          = {10.48550/ARXIV.2201.11430},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1041555},
}