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@PHDTHESIS{Paetzke:1041611,
      author       = {Paetzke, Sarah},
      title        = {{S}peed-{D}ensity {A}nalysis in {P}edestrian
                      {S}ingle-{F}ile {E}xperiments},
      volume       = {68},
      school       = {Wuppertal},
      type         = {Dissertation},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-02345},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-818-6},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich IAS Series},
      pages        = {XIII, 107},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {Dissertation, Wuppertal, 2025},
      abstract     = {In recent years, many studies have been published on how
                      individual characteristics of pedestrians affect the
                      fundamental diagram. These studies compared cumulative data
                      from individuals within groups that were homogeneous in one
                      characteristic, such as age, but heterogeneous in other
                      factors, such as gender. The question arises regarding which
                      factors influence the fundamental diagram in single-file
                      experiments. In addition, some research suggests that group
                      composition, particularly gender, may impact the results.
                      Therefore, three different single-file experiments are
                      considered in this study. The first step in data analysis is
                      considering the speed-density relationship between
                      homogeneous and heterogeneous group compositions regarding
                      gender. Second, individual fundamental diagrams are
                      introduced and analyzed to investigate the effects of both
                      known and unknown human factors. In addition, the
                      speed-density model that best describes the speed of the
                      individuals is studied. For a single-file experiment
                      conducted in Germany with groups of participants that are
                      either homogeneous or heterogeneous in terms of gender, a
                      Tukey HSD test is carried out. This is done to determine any
                      differences between these groups in the average speed over
                      various density ranges. A comparison of different group
                      compositions shows that any effect of gender is only
                      observed, if at all, within a small range of densities. For
                      a cultural comparison, the previous experiment is compared
                      with a single-file experiment conducted in Palestine with
                      homogeneous and heterogeneous gender compositions. There are
                      no significant cultural differences. Two single-file
                      experiments in Germany are considered to investigate
                      differences in minimum distances and reaction times between
                      individuals in different densities and to analyze the
                      influence of the gender of neighboring pedestrians. It is
                      also studied how human factors such as height, age, and
                      gender and unknown individual effects such as motivation or
                      attention affect individual speed. Regression analysis is
                      performed for this. One experiment is a school experiment,
                      and the results based on a simple linear regression analysis
                      show that the differences in minimum distances and reaction
                      times are not very significant and are less pronounced.
                      Using a multiple linear regression analysis, the human
                      factors analysis suggested that age could be neglected as
                      there is a strong correlation between the students’ age
                      and height. In addition, the study highlights that headway
                      has the most significant influence on speed. At the same
                      time, gender plays a minor role, and other non-measurable
                      individual characteristics have a more significant impact
                      than height. The results of the other experiment with
                      different gender compositions in Germany show no correlation
                      between the genders of neighboring pedestrians in minimum
                      distances and reaction times. In the human factor analysis,
                      the model stays consistent compared to the other experiment
                      in Germany when additional factors are included.},
      cin          = {IAS-7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-7-20180321},
      pnm          = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      doi          = {10.34734/FZJ-2025-02345},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1041611},
}