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001044792 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)203510$$aArango, Vanessa$$b0$$eCorresponding author
001044792 245__ $$aFine-Tuning Donor Material Deposition with Ultrasonic Aerosol Jet Printing to Balance Efficiency and Stability in Inverted Organic Photovoltaic Devices
001044792 260__ $$aWashington, DC$$bSoc.$$c2025
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001044792 520__ $$aThe response surface methodology (RSM) based on a Box–Behnken (BB) design of experiment (DoE) approach was performed, with the central point repeated four times to enhance statistical reliability, to systematically investigate the influence of ultrasonic aerosol jet printing (uAJP) parameters such as speed, flow, and power, while depositing the donor material deposition, on the acceptor/donor ratio and power conversion efficiency (PCE). Efforts were made to tune the D:A ratio to approximately 1:1.2, a composition widely used for the PM6:Y12 active layer system. Despite the sequential deposition of the donor material onto the acceptor, the resulting active layer exhibited a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) morphology rather than a layer-by-layer (LbL) structure. Further analysis such as film-depth-dependent light absorption spectra (FLAS) and cross section of the electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) or STEM-EELS was used to explore the interplay between deposition parameters and vertical blending behavior in the active layer. Finally, we evaluated the stability of these OPV devices under continuous one-sun illumination for 1080 h, revealing that the most efficient devices also exhibited the highest operational stability.
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001044792 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)196016$$aWortmann, Jonas$$b1
001044792 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)190775$$aOsterrieder, Tobias$$b2$$ufzj
001044792 7001_ $$00000-0002-2259-6736$$aWeitz, Paul$$b3
001044792 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)201567$$aRocha-Ortiz, Juan S.$$b4
001044792 7001_ $$00000-0003-2113-0245$$aWu, Mingjian$$b5
001044792 7001_ $$00000-0002-4250-2768$$aZhou, Xin$$b6
001044792 7001_ $$aEller, Fabian$$b7
001044792 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)180635$$aHeumüller, Thomas$$b8$$ufzj
001044792 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)177626$$aHauch, Jens$$b9$$ufzj
001044792 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)201377$$aLiu, Chao$$b10$$ufzj
001044792 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)201923$$aLe Corre, Vincent M.$$b11
001044792 7001_ $$00000-0002-2723-5227$$aSpiecker, Erdmann$$b12
001044792 7001_ $$00000-0002-0151-5562$$aHerzig, Eva M.$$b13
001044792 7001_ $$aLu, Guanghao$$b14
001044792 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)206674$$aLüer, Larry$$b15$$ufzj
001044792 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)209819$$aBrabec, Christoph J.$$b16$$eCorresponding author$$ufzj
001044792 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2467494-1$$a10.1021/acsami.5c09318$$gp. acsami.5c09318$$n32$$p46149–46160$$tACS applied materials & interfaces$$v17$$x1944-8244$$y2025
001044792 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1044792/files/brabec-et-al-2025-fine-tuning-donor-material-deposition-with-ultrasonic-aerosol-jet-printing-to-balance-efficiency-and.pdf$$yOpenAccess
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