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@INPROCEEDINGS{Li:1045462,
      author       = {Li, Bingchao and Klotzsche, Anja and van der Kruk, Jan and
                      Hoven, Dominik and Wang, Xun and Feng, Deshan},
      title        = {{P}ossibilities for reducing {FWI} calculation costs for
                      {GPR} multi-offset data},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-03514},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is an important shallow
                      geophysical exploration method and can be widely applied in
                      near surface applications. Thereby, the GPR full-waveform
                      inversion (FWI) utilizes all information contained in the
                      data including dynamics and kinematics and therefore has
                      theoretically the highest imaging possibilities. One of the
                      bottlenecks of FWI is its high computational cost and
                      inability to meet the real-time needs for experimental
                      applications. To improve the efficiency of GPR FWI, we
                      provide two methods that can reduce the calculation time.
                      The first is source encoding, which can reduce the number of
                      forward simulations by simultaneously exciting multiple
                      sources in one simulation and mitigating crosstalk noise by
                      encoding the sources. The second is source subsampling,
                      which selects a subset of sources to participate in the
                      inversion, gradually uses more sources during the inversion
                      process, and in the final stage uses all the sources.
                      Numerical experiments show that compared with traditional
                      FWI, both methods effectively reduce the calculation time by
                      providing a similar reconstruction of the medium
                      properties.},
      month         = {Jul},
      date          = {2025-07-01},
      organization  = {13th International Workshop on
                       Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar,
                       Thessaloniki (Greece), 1 Jul 2025 - 4
                       Jul 2025},
      subtyp        = {After Call},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1045462},
}