TY  - JOUR
AU  - Neuner, I.
AU  - Stöcker, T.
AU  - Kellermann, T.
AU  - Ermer, V.
AU  - Wegener, H.P.
AU  - Eickhoff, S. B.
AU  - Schneider, F.
AU  - Shah, J. N.
TI  - Electrophysiology meets fMRI: Neural correlates of the startle reflex assessed by simultaneous EMG-fMRI data acquisition
JO  - Human brain mapping
VL  - 31
SN  - 1065-9471
CY  - New York, NY
PB  - Wiley-Liss
M1  - PreJuSER-10458
SP  - 1675 - 1685
PY  - 2010
N1  - Contract grant sponsor Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Contract grant numbers. BMBF 01GO0104 (to N.J S and Karl Zilles), BMBF 01GO0204 (to Brain Imaging Centre West); Contract grant sponsors Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen University ("Rotationsprogramm"; to IN)
AB  - The startle reflex provides a unique tool for the investigation of sensorimotor gating and information processing. Simultaneous EMG-fMRI acquisition (i.e., online stimulation and recording in the MR environment) allows for the quantitative assessment of the neuronal correlates of the startle reflex and its modulations on a single trial level. This serves as the backbone for a startle response informed fMRI analysis, which is fed by data acquired in the same brain at the same time. We here present the first MR study using a single trial approach with simultaneous acquired EMG and fMRI data on the human startle response in 15 healthy young men. It investigates the neural correlates for isolated air puff startle pulses (PA), prepulse-pulse inhibition (PPI), and prepulse facilitation (PPF). We identified a common core network engaged by all three conditions (PA, PPI, and PPF), consisting of bilateral primary and secondary somatosensory cortices, right insula, right thalamus, right temporal pole, middle cingulate cortex, and cerebellum. The cerebellar vermis exhibits distinct activation patterns between the startle modifications. It is differentially activated with the highest amplitude for PPF, a lower activation for PA, and lowest for PPI. The orbital frontal cortex exhibits a differential activation pattern, not for the type of startle response but for the amplitude modification. For pulse alone it is close to zero; for PPI it is activated. This is in contrast to PPF where it shows deactivation. In addition, the thalamus, the cerebellum, and the anterior cingulate cortex add to the modulation of the startle reflex.
KW  - Adult
KW  - Brain: physiology
KW  - Brain Mapping
KW  - Electromyography: methods
KW  - Humans
KW  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
KW  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging: methods
KW  - Male
KW  - Physical Stimulation
KW  - Startle Reaction: physiology
KW  - J (WoSType)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:20205248
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000283641100005
DO  - DOI:10.1002/hbm.20965
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/10458
ER  -