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@ARTICLE{Hunter:10461,
      author       = {Hunter, M.D. and Eickhoff, S. B. and Pheasant, R.J. and
                      Douglas, M.J. and Watts, G.R. and Farrow, T.F.D. and Hyland,
                      D. and Kang, J. and Wilkinson, I.D. and Horoshenkov, K.V.
                      and Woodruff, P.W.R.},
      title        = {{T}he state of tranquility: {S}ubjective perception is
                      shaped by contextual modulation of auditory connectivity},
      journal      = {NeuroImage},
      volume       = {53},
      issn         = {1053-8119},
      address      = {Orlando, Fla.},
      publisher    = {Academic Press},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-10461},
      pages        = {611 - 618},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {SBE acknowledges funding by the Human Brain Project
                      (R01-MH074457-01A1), the DFG (IRTG 1328, SBE) and the
                      Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association
                      within the Helmholtz Alliance on Systems Biology (The Human
                      Brain Model). The stimuli used in this work were recorded
                      with support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences
                      Research Council (Grant EP/P500095/1). We thank Mr M Brook
                      for assistance with figure production and Mrs. J Woodhead
                      for assistance with manuscript preparation The radiographic
                      skills of the University of Sheffield's MRI Unit are
                      gratefully acknowledged.},
      abstract     = {In this study, we investigated brain mechanisms for the
                      generation of subjective experience from objective sensory
                      inputs. Our experimental construct was subjective
                      tranquility. Tranquility is a mental state more likely to
                      occur in the presence of objective sensory inputs that arise
                      from natural features in the environment. We used functional
                      magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural response to
                      scenes that were visually distinct (beach images vs. freeway
                      images) and experienced as tranquil (beach) or non-tranquil
                      (freeway). Both sets of scenes had the same auditory
                      component because waves breaking on a beach and vehicles
                      moving on a freeway can produce similar auditory spectral
                      and temporal characteristics, perceived as a constant roar.
                      Compared with scenes experienced as non-tranquil, we found
                      that subjectively tranquil scenes were associated with
                      significantly greater effective connectivity between the
                      auditory cortex and medial prefrontal cortex, a region
                      implicated in the evaluation of mental states. Similarly
                      enhanced connectivity was also observed between the auditory
                      cortex and posterior cingulate gyrus, temporoparietal cortex
                      and thalamus. These findings demonstrate that visual context
                      can modulate connectivity of the auditory cortex with
                      regions implicated in the generation of subjective states.
                      Importantly, this effect arises under conditions of
                      identical auditory input. Hence, the same sound may be
                      associated with different percepts reflecting varying
                      connectivity between the auditory cortex and other brain
                      regions. This suggests that subjective experience is more
                      closely linked to the connectivity state of the auditory
                      cortex than to its basic sensory inputs.},
      keywords     = {Acoustic Stimulation / Affect: physiology / Auditory
                      Cortex: physiology / Brain Mapping / Echo-Planar Imaging /
                      Environment / Functional Laterality: physiology / Humans /
                      Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Magnetic Resonance
                      Imaging / Male / Nerve Net: physiology / Neural Pathways:
                      physiology / Oxygen: blood / Perception: physiology / Photic
                      Stimulation / Prefrontal Cortex: physiology / Thalamus:
                      physiology / Young Adult / Oxygen (NLM Chemicals) / J
                      (WoSType)},
      cin          = {INM-2},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406},
      pnm          = {Funktion und Dysfunktion des Nervensystems (FUEK409) /
                      89571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF2-89571)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK409 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89571},
      shelfmark    = {Neurosciences / Neuroimaging / Radiology, Nuclear Medicine
                      $\&$ Medical Imaging},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:20600971},
      UT           = {WOS:000281688000025},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.06.053},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/10461},
}