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@ARTICLE{Adeleh:1047179,
      author       = {Adeleh, Sara and Becker, Tabea and Herres-Pawlis, Sonja and
                      Bol, Roland and Drewes, Birte and Pütz, Thomas},
      title        = {{S}ynthesis of {M}icro 14{C}-{L}abeled {P}olylactide
                      for{E}nvironmental {A}ssessment {A}nalysis},
      journal      = {Chemistry methods},
      volume       = {0},
      issn         = {2628-9725},
      address      = {Weinheim (Germany)},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-04136},
      pages        = {e202500087},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Polylactide (PLA), a biobased, biodegradable polyester
                      derived from lactic acid, is recognized as an alternative to
                      conventional plastics due to properties such as mechanical
                      strength and compostability. Despite widespread use in
                      applications from medical devices to packaging, PLA
                      degradation in the environment, particularly its breakdown
                      into microplastics, raises concerns. Conventional analytical
                      methods are inadequate for quantifying PLA degradation in
                      environments. To address this, radio tracking techniques
                      using carbon-14 have emerged as a reliable method for PLA
                      decomposition studies. The first step is producing labeled
                      polymers from suitable monomers. Ring-opening polymerization
                      (ROP) of lactide is widely used for synthesizing PLA, but
                      this approach faces challenges due to the limited
                      availability and high cost of 14C-labeled precursors. We
                      report the first use of a biocompatible zinc bisguanidine
                      catalyst for the synthesis of 14C-lactide from 14C-lactic
                      acid, enabling the production of 14C-PLA. The process
                      involves dehydration and oligomer formation, followed by
                      catalytic depolymerization to yield 14C-lactide, which is
                      polymerized through ROP. Lactide production was optimized by
                      comparing the toxic industrial catalyst tin(II) octanoate
                      [Sn(Oct)2] with our catalyst, the latter ultimately used for
                      14C-lactide and 14C-PLA production. The resulting
                      micro-14C-labeled PLA can be used to quantify degradation,
                      assess environmental impact.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {https://doi.org/10.1002/cmtd.202500087},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1047179},
}