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@ARTICLE{Rogers:10473,
      author       = {Rogers, J. and Kochunov, P. and Zilles, K. and Shelledy, W.
                      and Lancaster, J. and Thompson, P. and Duggirala, R. and
                      Blangero, J. and Fox, P.T. and Glahn, D.C.},
      title        = {{O}n the genetic architecture of coritcal folding and brain
                      volume in primates},
      journal      = {NeuroImage},
      volume       = {53},
      issn         = {1053-8119},
      address      = {Orlando, Fla.},
      publisher    = {Academic Press},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-10473},
      pages        = {1103 - 1108},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {This work was supported in part by grants from the US
                      National Institute of Mental Health (MH078111, MH059490, and
                      MH078143), the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and
                      Bioengineering (K01 EB006395) and the National Center for
                      Research Resources base grant to the Southwest National
                      Primate Research Center (P51-RR013986). We are grateful to
                      the participants in the Genetics of Brain Structure Study.
                      The supercomputing facilities used for this work at the
                      $AT\&T$ Genetics Computing Center were supported in part by
                      a gift from the $AT\&T$ Foundation. The work was carried out
                      in facilities that were constructed with support from
                      Research Facilities Improvement grants C06-RR013556,
                      C06-RR015456 and C06-RR014578 from the National Center for
                      Research Resources, NIH. We also wish to thank two anonymous
                      reviewers for their helpful recommendations.},
      abstract     = {Understanding the evolutionary forces that produced the
                      human brain is a central problem in neuroscience and human
                      biology. Comparisons across primate species show that both
                      brain volume and gyrification (the degree of folding in the
                      cerebral cortex) have progressively increased during primate
                      evolution and there is a strong positive correlation between
                      these two traits across primate species. The human brain is
                      exceptional among primates in both total volume and
                      gyrification, and therefore understanding the genetic
                      mechanisms influencing variation in these traits will
                      improve our understanding of a landmark feature of our
                      species. Here we show that individual variation in
                      gyrification is significantly heritable in both humans and
                      an Old World monkey (baboons, Papio hamadryas). Furthermore,
                      contrary to expectations based on the positive phenotypic
                      correlation across species, the genetic correlation between
                      cerebral volume and gyrification within both humans and
                      baboons is estimated as negative. These results suggest that
                      the positive relationship between cerebral volume and
                      cortical folding across species cannot be explained by one
                      set of selective pressures or genetic changes. Our data
                      suggest that one set of selective pressures favored the
                      progressive increase in brain volume documented in the
                      primate fossil record, and that a second independent
                      selective process, possibly related to parturition and
                      neonatal brain size, may have favored brains with
                      progressively greater cortical folding. Without a second
                      separate selective pressure, natural selection favoring
                      increased brain volume would be expected to produce less
                      folded, more lissencephalic brains. These results provide
                      initial evidence for the heritability of gyrification, and
                      possibly a new perspective on the evolutionary mechanisms
                      underlying long-term changes in the nonhuman primate and
                      human brain.},
      keywords     = {Animals / Biological Evolution / Cerebral Cortex: anatomy
                      $\&$ histology / Female / Humans / Image Processing,
                      Computer-Assisted / Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Male /
                      Papio: anatomy $\&$ histology / Primates: anatomy $\&$
                      histology / Species Specificity / J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {INM-2 / JARA-BRAIN},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406 / $I:(DE-82)080010_20140620$},
      pnm          = {Funktion und Dysfunktion des Nervensystems (FUEK409) /
                      89571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF2-89571)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK409 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89571},
      shelfmark    = {Neurosciences / Neuroimaging / Radiology, Nuclear Medicine
                      $\&$ Medical Imaging},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:20176115},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC3137430},
      UT           = {WOS:000282039300036},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.02.020},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/10473},
}