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@ARTICLE{Ray:1047627,
      author       = {Ray, Debes and Kang, Kyongok and Madani and Dhont, Jan K.
                      G. and Platten, Florian},
      title        = {{E}lectric field-induced control of protein crystal
                      morphology},
      journal      = {Soft matter},
      volume       = {21},
      issn         = {1744-683X},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Royal Soc. of Chemistry},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-04427},
      pages        = {3012-3021},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {In a previous study (D. Ray, et al., J. Phys. Chem. Lett.,
                      2024, 15, 8108–8113), we found that an alternating
                      electric field considerably affects the location of the
                      crystallization boundary and the liquid–liquid phase
                      separation line as well as crystallization kinetics in
                      lysozyme solutions containing sodium thiocyanate(NaSCN). The
                      present study extends this work by investigating the
                      influence of the same electric field on the microscopic
                      appearance of lysozyme crystals as they form from a
                      supersaturated solution. We observe a variety of distinct
                      crystal morphologies, which we classify as single- and
                      multi-armcrystals, flower-like crystal structures, whiskers,
                      and sea-urchin crystals. Crystal morphologies exhibit
                      significant variations with changes in protein and salt
                      concentrations, and the electric field strongly altersthe
                      morphology-state diagram in the protein-versus-salt
                      concentration plane. This alteration is likely due to the
                      field effect on protein–protein interactions. We believe
                      the effect is mediated by the field enhancedadsorption of
                      SCN ions to the surface of lysozyme, ultimately driving the
                      observed changes in crystallization behavior. These findings
                      offer insights into how electric fields can be used to
                      control crystal formation and morphology in protein
                      systems.},
      cin          = {IBI-4},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-4-20200312},
      pnm          = {5241 - Molecular Information Processing in Cellular Systems
                      (POF4-524) / DFG project G:(GEPRIS)495795796 - Das
                      Phasenverhalten von Proteinlösungen in elektrischen Feldern
                      (495795796)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5241 / G:(GEPRIS)495795796},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1039/d5sm00181a},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1047627},
}