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@ARTICLE{Ummethala:1048103,
      author       = {Ummethala, Govind and Jada, Ravi and Dutta-Gupta, Shourya
                      and Park, Junbeom and Tavabi, Amir H. and Basak, Shibabrata
                      and Hooley, Robert and Sun, Hongyu and Pérez Garza, H. Hugo
                      and Eichel, Rüdiger-A and Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal E. and
                      Malladi, Sai Rama Krishna},
      title        = {{R}eal-time visualisation of fast nanoscale processes
                      during liquid reagent mixing by liquid cell transmission
                      electron microscopy},
      journal      = {Communications chemistry},
      volume       = {8},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2399-3669},
      publisher    = {Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-04495},
      pages        = {8},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (LCTEM) is a
                      powerful technique for investigating crystallisation
                      dynamics with nanometre spatial resolution. However, probing
                      phenomena occurring in liquids while mixing two precursor
                      solutions has proven extremely challenging, requiring
                      sophisticated liquid cell designs. Here, we demonstrate that
                      introducing and withdrawing solvents in sequence makes it
                      possible to maintain optimal imaging conditions while mixing
                      liquids in a commercial liquid cell. We succeeded in
                      visualising a fast nanoscale crystallisation mechanism when
                      an organic molecule of R-BINOL-CN dissolved in chloroform
                      interacts with methanol. The scanning transmission electron
                      microscopy images recorded in real-time during the
                      interaction of the two volatile solvents reveal the
                      formation of chain-like structures of R-BINOL-CN particles,
                      whereas they coalesce to form single large particles when
                      methanol is absent. Our approach of mixing liquids
                      establishes a platform for novel LCTEM studies of a wide
                      range of electron-beam-sensitive materials, including drug
                      molecules, polymers and molecular amphiphiles.},
      cin          = {IET-1 / ER-C-1},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IET-1-20110218 / I:(DE-Juel1)ER-C-1-20170209},
      pnm          = {1231 - Electrochemistry for Hydrogen (POF4-123)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1231},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1038/s42004-025-01407-3},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1048103},
}