% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@INPROCEEDINGS{Wolters:1048738,
      author       = {Wolters, Beverley and Fritsch, Merle and Nagel, Kerstin and
                      Junker-Frohn, Laura},
      title        = {{G}enotypic variation in root and shoot traits of wheat
                      suggesting an indirect effect of breeding on nitrogen
                      efficiency},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-04853},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Wheat (Triticum aestivum) production in Europe relies
                      heavily on nitrogen fertilizer inputs, negatively affecting
                      soil, air, and water quality. An approach to reduce
                      agriculturally caused nitrogen emissions is breeding of
                      nitrogen-efficient crop cultivars. To investigate whether
                      breeding approaches in recent decades have already
                      indirectly targeted nitrogen efficiency in wheat, a
                      collection of winter wheat cultivars released over a period
                      of 50 years was examined under control and
                      nitrogen-deficient conditions. Selected cultivars were grown
                      in soil-filled rhizotrons for 15 days under greenhouse
                      conditions to enable phenotyping of root and shoot growth at
                      the seedling stage. During the experimental period, plants
                      were phenotyped every two to three days for root and shoot
                      traits. Additionally, physiological measurements were taken
                      once before the end of the experimental period to quantify
                      chlorophyll content, leaf-level spectral reflectance and the
                      photosynthetic trait quantum yield of photosystem II. After
                      the plants were harvested, root and shoot biomass were
                      assessed destructively. Generally, all cultivars showed a
                      reduction of shoot growth in favor of root growth in
                      response to nitrogen deficiency. Genotypic variation was
                      observed for physiological parameters under both control and
                      nitrogen deficiency. Multivariate analysis, considering
                      morphological and physiological shoot and root traits,
                      revealed clustering of the cultivars roughly according to
                      their year of release. In summary, our phenotypic data hint
                      towards improved nitrogen efficiency in younger cultivars,
                      which implies an indirect selection of genotypes with high
                      nitrogen efficiency in wheat breeding progress over the last
                      few decades.},
      month         = {Sep},
      date          = {2025-09-16},
      organization  = {European Plant Phenomics Symposium,
                       Bonn (Germany), 16 Sep 2025 - 19 Sep
                       2025},
      subtyp        = {After Call},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {2171 - Biological and environmental resources for
                      sustainable use (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2171},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1048738},
}