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| Hauptseite > Publikationsdatenbank > Genotypic variation in root and shoot traits of wheat suggesting an indirect effect of breeding on nitrogen efficiency |
| Hauptseite > Publikationsdatenbank > Genotypic variation in root and shoot traits of wheat suggesting an indirect effect of breeding on nitrogen efficiency |
| Poster (After Call) | FZJ-2025-04853 |
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2025
Abstract: Wheat (Triticum aestivum) production in Europe relies heavily on nitrogen fertilizer inputs, negatively affecting soil, air, and water quality. An approach to reduce agriculturally caused nitrogen emissions is breeding of nitrogen-efficient crop cultivars. To investigate whether breeding approaches in recent decades have already indirectly targeted nitrogen efficiency in wheat, a collection of winter wheat cultivars released over a period of 50 years was examined under control and nitrogen-deficient conditions. Selected cultivars were grown in soil-filled rhizotrons for 15 days under greenhouse conditions to enable phenotyping of root and shoot growth at the seedling stage. During the experimental period, plants were phenotyped every two to three days for root and shoot traits. Additionally, physiological measurements were taken once before the end of the experimental period to quantify chlorophyll content, leaf-level spectral reflectance and the photosynthetic trait quantum yield of photosystem II. After the plants were harvested, root and shoot biomass were assessed destructively. Generally, all cultivars showed a reduction of shoot growth in favor of root growth in response to nitrogen deficiency. Genotypic variation was observed for physiological parameters under both control and nitrogen deficiency. Multivariate analysis, considering morphological and physiological shoot and root traits, revealed clustering of the cultivars roughly according to their year of release. In summary, our phenotypic data hint towards improved nitrogen efficiency in younger cultivars, which implies an indirect selection of genotypes with high nitrogen efficiency in wheat breeding progress over the last few decades.
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