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@ARTICLE{Molinari:1048902,
      author       = {Molinari, S. and Schilke, P. and Battersby, C. and Ho, P.
                      T. P. and Sánchez-Monge, Á. and Traficante, A. and Jones,
                      B. and Beltrán, M. T. and Beuther, H. and Fuller, G. A. and
                      Zhang, Q. and Klessen, R. S. and Walch, S. and Tang, Y.-W.
                      and Benedettini, M. and Elia, D. and Coletta, A. and
                      Mininni, C. and Schisano, E. and Avison, A. and Law, C. Y.
                      and Nucara, A. and Soler, J. D. and Stroud, G. and Wallace,
                      J. and Wells, M. R. A. and Ahmadi, A. and Brogan, C. L. and
                      Hunter, T. R. and Liu, S.-Y. and Pezzuto, S. and Su, Y.-N.
                      and Zimmermann, B. and Zhang, T. and Wyrowski, F. and De
                      Angelis, F. and Liu, S. and Clarke, S. D. and Fontani, F.
                      and Klaassen, P. D. and Koch, P. and Johnston, K. G. and
                      Lebreuilly, U. and Liu, T. and Lumsden, S. L. and Moeller,
                      T. and Moscadelli, L. and Kuiper, R. and Lis, D. and
                      Peretto, N. and Pfalzner, S. and Rigby, A. J. and Sanhueza,
                      P. and Rygl, K. L. J. and van der Tak, F. and Zinnecker, H.
                      and Amaral, F. and Bally, J. and Bronfman, L. and Cesaroni,
                      R. and Goh, K. and Hoare, M. G. and Hatchfield, P. and
                      Hennebelle, P. and Henning, T. and Kim, K.-T. and Kim, W.-J.
                      and Maud, L. and Merello, M. and Nakamura, F. and Plume, R.
                      and Qin, S.-L. and Svoboda, B. and Testi, L. and Veena, V.
                      S. and Walker, D.},
      title        = {{ALMAGAL}},
      journal      = {Astronomy and astrophysics},
      volume       = {696},
      issn         = {0004-6361},
      address      = {Les Ulis},
      publisher    = {EDP Sciences},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-05003},
      pages        = {A149},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Context. A large fraction of stars form in clusters
                      containing high-mass stars, which subsequently influences
                      the local and galaxy-wide environment.<br><br>Aims.
                      Fundamental questions about the physics responsible for
                      fragmenting molecular parsec-scale clumps into cores of a
                      few thousand astronomical units (au) are still open, that
                      only a statistically significant investigation with ALMA is
                      able to address; for instance: the identification of the
                      dominant agents that determine the core demographics, mass,
                      and spatial distribution as a function of the physical
                      properties of the hosting clumps, their evolutionary stage
                      and the different Galactic environments in which they
                      reside. The extent to which fragmentation is driven by
                      clumps dynamics or mass transport in filaments also remains
                      elusive.<br><br>Methods. With the ALMAGAL project, we
                      observed the 1.38 mm continuum and lines toward more than
                      1000 dense clumps in our Galaxy, with M ≥ 500 M⊙, Σ ≥
                      0.1 g cm−2 and d ≤ 7.5 kiloparsec (kpc). Two different
                      combinations of ALMA Compact Array (ACA) and 12-m array
                      setups were used to deliver a minimum resolution of ∼1000
                      au over the entire sample distance range. The sample covers
                      all evolutionary stages from infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) to
                      H II regions from the tip of the Galactic bar to the
                      outskirts of the Galaxy. With a continuum sensitivity of 0.1
                      mJy, ALMAGAL enables a complete study of the clump-to-core
                      fragmentation process down to M ∼ 0.3 M⊙ across the
                      Galaxy. The spectral setup includes several molecular lines
                      to trace the multiscale physics and dynamics of gas, notably
                      $CH_3CN$, $H_2CO$, $SiO$, $CH_3OH$, $DCN$, $HC_3N$, and
                      $SO$, among others.<br><br>Results. We present an initial
                      overview of the observations and the early science product
                      and results produced in the ALMAGAL Consortium, with a first
                      characterization of the morphological properties of the
                      continuum emission detected above 5σ in our fields. We used
                      “perimeter-versus-area” and convex hull-versus-area
                      metrics to classify the different morphologies. We find that
                      more extended and morphologically complex (significantly
                      departing from circular or generally convex) shapes are
                      found toward clumps that are relatively more evolved and
                      have higher surface densities.<br><br>Conclusions. ALMAGAL
                      is poised to serve as a game-changer for a number of
                      specific issues in star formation: clump-to-core
                      fragmentation processes, demographics of cores, core and
                      clump gas chemistry and dynamics, infall and outflow
                      dynamics, and disk detections. Many of these issues will be
                      covered in the first generation of papers that closely
                      follow on the present publication.},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {520},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1051/0004-6361/202452702},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1048902},
}