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@ARTICLE{Szwarcman:1050065,
author = {Szwarcman, Daniela and Roy, Sujit and Fraccaro, Paolo and
Gíslason, Orsteinn Elí and Blumenstiel, Benedikt and
Ghosal, Rinki and De Oliveira, Pedro Henrique and Almeida,
Joao Lucas de Sousa and Sedona, Rocco and Kang, Yanghui and
Chakraborty, Srija and Wang, Sizhe and Gomes, Carlos and
Kumar, Ankur and Gaur, Vishal and Truong, Myscon and Godwin,
Denys and Khallaghi, Sam and Lee, Hyunho and Hsu, Chia-Yu
and Asanjan, Ata Akbari and Mujeci, Besart and Shidham,
Disha and Balogun, Rufai Omowunmi and Kolluru, Venkatesh and
Keenan, Trevor and Arevalo, Paulo and Li, Wenwen and
Alemohammad, Hamed and Olofsson, Pontus and Mayer, Timothy
and Hain, Christopher and Kennedy, Robert and Zadrozny,
Bianca and Bell, David and Cavallaro, Gabriele and Watson,
Campbell and Maskey, Manil and Ramachandran, Rahul and
Moreno, Juan Bernabe},
title = {{P}rithvi-{EO}-2.0: {A} {V}ersatile {M}ulti-{T}emporal
{F}oundation {M}odel for {E}arth {O}bservation
{A}pplications},
journal = {IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing},
volume = {64},
issn = {0018-9413},
address = {New York, NY},
publisher = {IEEE},
reportid = {FZJ-2025-05777},
pages = {4400120},
year = {2025},
abstract = {This paper presents Prithvi-EO-2.0, a new geospatial
foundation model that offers significant improvements over
its predecessor, Prithvi-EO-1.0. Trained on 4.2 million
global time series samples from NASA’s Harmonized Landsat
and Sentinel-2 data archive at 30-m resolution, the new
model incorporates temporal and location embeddings for
enhanced performance across various geospatial tasks.
Through extensive benchmarking with GEO-Bench, the model
outperforms the previous Prithvi-EO model by $8\%$ across a
range of tasks. It also outperforms six other geospatial
foundation models when benchmarked on remote sensing tasks
from different domains and resolutions (i.e. from 0.1 m to
15 m). The results demonstrate the versatility of the model
in both classical Earth observation and high-resolution
applications. Early involvement of end-users and subject
matter experts (SMEs) allowed constant feedback on model and
dataset design, enabling customization across diverse
SME-led applications in disaster response, land cover and
crop mapping, and ecosystem dynamics monitoring.
Prithvi-EO-2.0 is available as an open-source model on
Hugging Face and IBM TerraTorch, with additional resources
on GitHub. The project exemplifies the Trusted Open Science
approach embraced by all involved organizations.},
cin = {JSC},
ddc = {550},
cid = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
pnm = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
(SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511)},
pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
doi = {10.1109/TGRS.2025.3642610},
url = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1050065},
}