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@INPROCEEDINGS{Mitra:1050361,
      author       = {Mitra, Souvik},
      title        = {{METAL} {POISONING} {OF} {NAFION} {PROTON} {EXCHANGE}
                      {MEMBRANE}},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2026-00148},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Metal-ion contamination of Nafion proton-exchange membranes
                      (PEMs) remains a persistent durability and performance issue
                      in PEM fuel cells. Metal cations originating from
                      insufficiently deionized feed water, coolant leaks, or
                      corrosion of metallic cell components can exchange with
                      protons at the sulfonate groups (SO₃⁻) of Nafion,
                      thereby reducing proton conductivity and overall cell
                      performance.In this work, we combine atomistic molecular
                      dynamics simulations with in-plane conductivity measurements
                      to build a consistent picture of how a broad series of
                      mono-, di-, and trivalent cations affect transport in Nafion
                      under comparable conditions. For monovalent ions (Li⁺,
                      Na⁺, and K⁺), our study reveals a reversal of the
                      familiar mobility trend of these cations in the presence of
                      Nafion membrane compared to bulk water, reflecting the
                      competition between ion hydration and specific binding to
                      the SO₃⁻ groups of Nafion.},
      organization  = {(Germany)},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IET-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IET-1-20110218},
      pnm          = {1231 - Electrochemistry for Hydrogen (POF4-123)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1231},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)31},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1050361},
}