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@PHDTHESIS{Petzold:10515,
      author       = {Petzold, Katja},
      title        = {{Z}ur {K}limatologie von {S}tickoxiden, {O}zon und
                      {K}ohlenmonoxid in der {T}roposphäre: eine {A}nalyse des
                      {MOZAIC}-{D}atensatzes},
      volume       = {4327},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen},
      type         = {Dr. (Univ.)},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-10515, Juel-4327},
      series       = {Berichte des Forschungszentrums Jülich},
      pages        = {VIII, 185 p.},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012; Aachen, RWTH, Diss.,
                      2010},
      abstract     = {Tropospheric ozone is an effective greenhouse gas in the
                      tropopause region. Near the surface it is toxic for humans
                      and the ecosystem. It is produced by precursors nitrogen
                      oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons, so called
                      volatile organic compounds. Stratospheric ozone protects the
                      earth surface from shortwave radiation and is built by
                      photolysis of oxygen. Within the scope of the EU-funded
                      Project MOZAIC (Measurement of ozone, water vapor, carbon
                      monoxide, and nitrogen oxides by Airbus in-service
                      aircraft)measurements made since 1994 aboard five A-340 long
                      range aircraft on scheduled flights around the globe provide
                      useful information on air quality in the environment of many
                      cities. With the work at hand the trace gas concentrations
                      of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide are analysed
                      from a geographical point of view. An introduction to the
                      emission patterns of the relevant trace gases, tropospheric
                      ozone chemistry, and the atmospheric circulation as well as
                      an overview of the MOZAIC project is followed by a regard of
                      the upper troposphere first. Some regions in the tropopause
                      region are highlighted by higher Ozone and nitrogen oxides
                      than others. Carbon monoxide shows a minor spatial
                      variability and is well mixed. As a potential source of
                      nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide three case studies are
                      examined on the influence of lightning and convection. A
                      strong correlation is found for nitrogen oxides and carbon
                      monoxide in case of convection which shows evidence of
                      boundary layer sources for both trace gases. Nitrogen oxides
                      only are enhanced in case of intense lightning. The
                      correlation with carbon monoxide is weak. The findings point
                      to a strong influence of the synoptic situation on trace gas
                      concentrations in the upper troposphere. High concentrations
                      of ozone and nitrogen oxides occur over eastern North
                      America and eastern Asia as well as over the Arabian
                      peninsular. These regions belong to characteristic climate
                      zones. Therefore the relevant MOZAIC airports are grouped to
                      the climate zones developed by Koeppen and recently revised
                      by Kottek et al. (2006). Vertical profiles of ozone show
                      similarities in between the climes. The extratropical
                      midlatitudes show differences between the eastern and
                      western parts of the continents. Low ozone concentrations in
                      summer 10 - 12 km altitude indicate a higher tropopause in
                      the eastern parts with higher temperatures in summer. A
                      further look is taken on seasonal wind roses for surface and
                      free troposphere. There is evidence that the concentrations
                      of ozone and carbon monoxide in the vicinity of the chosen
                      airports is determined by wind direction. High carbon
                      monoxide burden comes along with lower ozone concentrations.
                      Further the annual cycles of the different trace gases are
                      examined at several altitude levels. The water vapour mixing
                      ratio reveals the wet and dry seasons in the tropics as well
                      as the difference between western and eastern parts of the
                      continent. The latter shows higher concentrations and a
                      [...]},
      cin          = {ICG-2},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB791},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/10515},
}