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@ARTICLE{Hopkins:1052067,
      author       = {Hopkins, William D. and Achorn, Angela and Fults, Courtney
                      L. and Vickery, Sam and Hoffstaedter, Felix},
      title        = {{H}eritability of gray matter volume and asymmetry in
                      chimpanzees ({P}an troglodytes) and their association to
                      cognitive abilities and tool use},
      journal      = {Brain structure $\&$ function},
      volume       = {231},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1863-2653},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2026-00737},
      pages        = {5},
      year         = {2026},
      abstract     = {Genetic studies have increasingly identified key mechanisms
                      that underlie individual and phylogenetic variation in
                      behavioral and brain phenotypes. Here, we used quantitative
                      genetics to estimate heritability in whole brain and
                      region-specific variation in gray matter in a sample of
                      captive chimpanzees. We included the contributions of sex
                      and age to individual variation in gray matter as well as
                      their association with cognition and motor functions and
                      found small to moderate heritability in average gray matter
                      volume in the majority of brain regions. By contrast, weaker
                      estimates of heritability were found when considering
                      asymmetries in gray matter across brain regions. Age was
                      inversely associated with gray matter volume for the frontal
                      lobe and the basal forebrain after accounting for sex and
                      relatedness of the chimpanzees. Chimpanzees that had higher
                      cognition scores were found to have greater leftward
                      asymmetries in the regions comprising the frontal lobe and
                      basal forebrain component. Further, chimpanzees with better
                      performance on a tool use task had higher gray matter
                      volumes in the frontal and basal forebrain regions. However,
                      no genetic associations were found between tool use
                      performance or cognition and the average frontal or basal
                      forebrain gray matter volumes or asymmetry.},
      cin          = {INM-7},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00429-025-03061-w},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1052067},
}