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@ARTICLE{Konitsioti:1052352,
      author       = {Konitsioti, Agni M. and Schweitzer, Finja and Johannis,
                      Wibke and Steffen, Falk and Bittner, Stefan and Fink, Gereon
                      R. and Schroeter, Michael and Warnke, Clemens},
      title        = {{S}erum neurofilament light chain as a biomarker of disease
                      control in multiple sclerosis: a real-world cross-sectional
                      analysis of therapeutic regimens},
      journal      = {Journal of neurology},
      volume       = {273},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {0367-004X},
      address      = {[Darmstadt]},
      publisher    = {Steinkopff},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2026-00954},
      pages        = {34},
      year         = {2026},
      note         = {Funding: Open Access funding enabled and organized by
                      Projekt DEAL. The study was supported by an unrestricted
                      grant from Novartis.},
      abstract     = {BackgroundSerum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is an
                      established biomarker of disease activity and progression in
                      persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), with studies showing
                      elevated sNfL levels during relapses and positive
                      associations with disability scores.Objective To assess sNfL
                      levels in PwMS receiving different disease-modifying
                      therapies (DMTs), with a particular focus on
                      extended-interval dosing (EID) regimens in real-world
                      clinical practice.MethodsIn this two-center cross-sectional
                      study, 172 PwMS without relapses in the preceding three
                      months were included (University Hospital Cologne,
                      n = 125; University Hospital Mainz, n = 47).
                      Patients were categorized into the following groups: (1)
                      low-efficacy DMT (leDMT; n = 8), (2) natalizumab
                      standard-interval dosing (SID; every 4 weeks; n = 7),
                      (3) natalizumab EID (every 6–8 weeks; n = 53), (4)
                      ofatumumab (n = 17), (5) ocrelizumab SID (every 6
                      months; n = 48), (6) ocrelizumab EID (every 9 months;
                      n = 17), and (7) no DMT (n = 19). sNfL levels were
                      measured once in a cross-sectional design using an
                      electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.Results No significant
                      differences in sNfL levels were observed across DMT
                      subgroups in the ANCOVA analysis after adjusting for age and
                      the presence of new T2 lesions on the most recent cranial
                      MRI. However, PwMS receiving DMTs showed lower sNfL levels
                      compared with untreated patients. Notably EID of ocrelizumab
                      (every 9 months; 1.56 pg/mL, $95\%$ CI 1.26–1.85) and
                      natalizumab (every 8 weeks; 1.46 pg/mL, $95\%$ CI
                      1.29–1.64) was not associated with higher sNfL levels
                      compared to standard interval dosing (SID) of ocrelizumab
                      (1.45 pg/mL, $95\%$ CI 1.27–1.63) or natalizumab (1.13
                      pg/mL, $95\%$ CI 0.68–1.58).Conclusion EID regimens were
                      not associated with increased sNfL levels, suggesting that
                      they may effectively limit neuroaxonal damage. Larger
                      studies that assess the added value sNfL monitoring for
                      safely personalizing treatment intervals in PwMS with
                      initially active disease are needed.},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00415-025-13573-4},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1052352},
}