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@TECHREPORT{Candellari:1052946,
      author       = {Candellari, Nikolaj and Nemček, Peter and Carta, Daniele
                      and Rakhshani, Elyas and Gümrükcü, Erdem and Martino,
                      Alessandra and Matos, Pedro},
      title        = {{D}5.2 – {R}eport on {S}oftware {T}ools {I}ntegration and
                      {T}est {E}xecution {A}cross the {P}ilot {S}ites},
      number       = {D5.2},
      publisher    = {Zenodo},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2026-01296, D5.2},
      pages        = {121p.},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {The InterSTORE project, funded by the European Union’s
                      Horizon Europe programme, addresses the critical challenge
                      of integrating distributed energy resources (DERs) and
                      storage systems into a decentralized, renewable-driven
                      energy architecture. As Europe transitions from centralized
                      fossil-based generation to a more flexible and resilient
                      grid, the need for interoperable, scalable, and secure
                      communication frameworks becomes paramount. Deliverable D5.2
                      documents the integration and testing of such frameworks
                      across five pilot sites — Germany, Austria, Italy,
                      Portugal, and Spain—demonstrating the feasibility and
                      effectiveness of the IEEE2030.5 protocol deployed over the
                      NATS messaging system. Core Objectives and Architecture The
                      primary goal of the InterSTORE initiative is to enable
                      seamless interoperability between heterogeneous DERs—such
                      as batteries, photovoltaic (PV) systems, electric vehicle
                      (EV) chargers, and heat pumps—and energy management
                      systems (EMSs). This is achieved through the deployment of
                      the IEEE2030.5 client – server library and Legacy Protocol
                      Converter (LPC). With the latter mapping legacy
                      communication protocols (e.g., Modbus, MQTT) with the modern
                      IEEE2030.5 standard. The NATS messaging system serves as the
                      backbone for real-time, secure, and scalable data exchange.
                      Each pilot site implemented a tailored version of this
                      architecture, integrating the LPC into local infrastructures
                      and validating its performance under real-world conditions.
                      Key innovations include containerized deployments (e.g.,
                      Docker on Raspberry Pi), and modular YAML-based
                      configuration for protocol translation. Pilot Site
                      Highlights The German pilot at Forschungszentrum Jülich
                      (FZJ) integrated high-power and high-energy battery energy
                      storage systems (BESS), PV systems, and heat pumps into a
                      unified control framework. The LPC was deployed on a
                      Raspberry Pi, interfacing with both a commercial EMS
                      (provided by EATON) and a FIWARE-based ICT platform. Key
                      challenges such as Modbus register mapping, endianness
                      handling, and logging overhead were successfully mitigated.
                      CyberGrid’s Austrian pilot focused on residential energy
                      communities. The Full Communication Chain (FCC) connected
                      DERs via IoTmaxx devices, which hosted the LPC and
                      communicated with the cloud-based CyberNoc EMS. Over 20
                      devices from various households were integrated, showcasing
                      the applicability and scalability of the solution.
                      Communication stability and control reliability were key
                      focus areas, with robust testing and fallback strategies
                      implemented. At Enel X’s XLab in Rome, the Italian pilot
                      demonstrated end-to-end integration of diverse
                      assets—including PV systems, multiple battery types, and
                      V2G EV chargers—into a flexibility market framework. The
                      LPC enabled dual telemetry and control flows between field
                      assets and the EMS/Flex platform. Secure device registration
                      via MID-PKI and real-time dispatch order execution validated
                      the system’s readiness for commercial flexibility
                      services. The Portuguese pilot tested the LPC in conjunction
                      with second-life batteries and a newly installed ESS.
                      Integration with the Capwatt Metering and Control Center
                      (MCC) was achieved via Modbus TCP/IP. Despite initial
                      challenges with register mapping and log file management,
                      the pilot successfully demonstrated the LPC’s adaptability
                      and resilience in an industrial context. Conducted at
                      HESStec’s Advanced Grid Lab, the Spanish pilot validated
                      the LPC’s role in enabling fast-response services such as
                      black start, voltage dip compensation, and automatic
                      transfer switch (ATS) operations. The hybrid energy storage
                      system (HESS), combining batteries and ultracapacitors, was
                      managed by the HyDEMS platform. Real-time SoF (State of
                      Function) metrics and low-latency communication confirmed
                      the system’s suitability for advanced grid services. Key
                      Outcomes and Impact Across all pilots, the deployment of
                      IEEE2030.5 over NATS proved to be a robust and flexible
                      solution for DER integration. The LPC emerged as a critical
                      enabler of interoperability, capable of adapting to diverse
                      hardware, communication protocols, and operational
                      requirements. Common challenges—such as protocol
                      mismatches, communication delays, and system
                      stability—were systematically addressed through software
                      updates, modular configurations, and rigorous testing. The
                      demonstrations confirmed that InterSTORE’s architecture
                      supports real-time monitoring, control, and optimization of
                      energy flows, laying the groundwork for future scalability.
                      The project’s emphasis on open standards, cybersecurity,
                      and modularity ensures that its solutions are not only
                      technically sound but also aligned with regulatory and
                      market trends. Next Steps Future deliverables will build
                      upon this work by analyzing key performance indicators
                      (KPIs) and benchmarking them against project targets. These
                      analyses will provide quantitative evidence of the benefits
                      delivered by InterSTORE in terms of flexibility,
                      reliability, and efficiency. The project’s outcomes are
                      expected to inform policy, guide industry adoption, and
                      accelerate the transition to a decentralized, decarbonized
                      European energy system.},
      cin          = {ICE-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ICE-1-20170217},
      pnm          = {1121 - Digitalization and Systems Technology for
                      Flexibility Solutions (POF4-112) / 1122 - Design, Operation
                      and Digitalization of the Future Energy Grids (POF4-112) /
                      1123 - Smart Areas and Research Platforms (POF4-112) /
                      INTERSTORE - Interoperable opeN-source Tools to Enable
                      hybRidisation, utiliSation, and moneTisation of stORage
                      flExibility (101096511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1121 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1122 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1123 / G:(EU-Grant)101096511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)29},
      doi          = {10.5281/ZENODO.17063127},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1052946},
}