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@ARTICLE{Houben:1053856,
      author       = {Houben, Anne and Rasinski, Marcin and Dittmar, Timo and
                      Koslowski, Hans Rudolf and Möller, Sören and Unterberg,
                      Bernhard and Linsmeier, Christian},
      title        = {{B}oron layer preparation, characterization and hydrogen
                      isotope permeability for fusion application},
      journal      = {Nuclear materials and energy},
      volume       = {45},
      issn         = {2352-1791},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2026-01554},
      pages        = {102028},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Due to the re-baseline of the fusion device ITER and the
                      strategical decision to change from Be to W as first wall
                      material, a boronization procedure has to be implemented
                      into the wall conditioning phase. Since the functionality of
                      boron layers in carbon free fusion devices is not understand
                      in detail so far, this study aims to be a starting point of
                      the investigation of boron layers for fusion applications.In
                      the first step, pure boron coatings are prepared in a
                      magnetron sputter deposition device on W and steel
                      substrates. The homogeneity, crystal phase and composition
                      is studied and it is proved that an amorphous, stable boron
                      layer is obtained with this deposition procedure. No
                      impurities, e.g. O, N, C, are detected and a deposition rate
                      of 20 nm/h is reached. The coatings are temperature stable
                      up to 1000 . No oxidation of the boron layer is detected
                      when exposed to air, but a uptake of humidity is possible.
                      Therefore, the samples should be stored in vacuum after
                      deposition.The hydrogen isotope permeability is studied and
                      a low layer permeability, which is four orders of magnitude
                      lower as steel is found.In the future, the investigation
                      will be broadened to mixed boron layers, e.g. B:D and B:W,
                      which are more alike as boron layers in fusion devices, and
                      these mixed layers will be compared to the pure boron layers
                      as a next step.},
      cin          = {IMD-2 / IFN-1},
      ddc          = {624},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IMD-2-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IFN-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Plasma-Wand-Wechselwirkung (POF4-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:001627559400001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.nme.2025.102028},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1053856},
}