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@MASTERSTHESIS{Busch:1053896,
      author       = {Busch, Franziska},
      title        = {{D}ynamics of greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen
                      availability asinfluenced by biochar particles during
                      composting},
      school       = {University of Bonn},
      type         = {Masterarbeit},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2026-01594},
      pages        = {60},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {Masterarbeit, University of Bonn, 2023},
      abstract     = {In this study, a 148-day composting of vegetable waste,
                      horse manure and wheat straw wasconducted to investigate the
                      greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and nitrogen (N) dynamics
                      asinfluenced by the addition of biochar (bc). A special
                      research focus has been placed on theretention of the
                      N-forms by the bc. GHG (CO2, CH4, N2O) were measured with
                      gas chromatographyand mineral N of the compost substrate was
                      analyzed with standard methods (0.01 molL−1 CaCl2). In
                      addition, N retained by bc particles was analyzed by a
                      three-stage extraction procedureand bc particles were also
                      analyzed by 13C NMR spectroscopy. These methods provideda
                      comprehensive insight into the temporal dynamics of GHG
                      emissions, the amount and availabilityof N retained by bc
                      particles, and the change in chemical groups of bc during
                      compostingwith bc amendment. The addition of bc $(15\%)$ did
                      not significantly reduce or increase GHGemissions compared
                      to the control (ctrl) compost. Cumulative emissions averaged
                      at 4016(ctrl) and 3706 (bc) g CO2-C m−2, 2171 (ctrl) and
                      3332 (bc) mg CH4-C m−2 and 715 (ctrl) and562.8 (bc) mg
                      N2O-N m−2. The concentrations of NH4+–N, NO3––N,
                      NO2––N did not differ significantlybetween the
                      treatments, but significantly higher $(54\%)$ total amounts
                      of NO3––N (gpile−1) were measured for the whole
                      compost pile in the bc treatment, indicating lower
                      NO3–1losses throughout the composting. The retention of N
                      forms by bc particles was not reflectedin significantly
                      lower N2O emissions. However, N forms were effectively
                      retained in varyingdegrees of strength by the bc particles.
                      The NH4+–N concentrations that could be extractedfrom the
                      bc particles decreased during the composting process. The
                      percentage distributionshows a clear transition from
                      predominantly plant-available $(55\%)$ at the beginning of
                      compostingto predominantly tightly bound $(75\%)$ NH4+–N
                      in the final compost. At the end of thecomposting process,
                      the extractable NO3––N concentration from bc particles
                      was 164 mg kg−1(easily extractable), 80 mg kg−1 (not
                      available) and 194 mg kg−1 (strongly retained). Until
                      thelast day of composting, these concentrations increased
                      continuously with a distribution towardsrather strongly
                      bound NO3––N. It can be concluded that the addition of
                      bc tended toprotect against N losses.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)19},
      doi          = {10.34734/FZJ-2026-01594},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1053896},
}