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@ARTICLE{Vogel:1087,
      author       = {Vogel, B. and Konopka, P. and Grooß, J. U. and Müller, R.
                      and Funke, M. and Lopez-Puertas, M. and Reddmann, T. and
                      Stiller, G. and von Clarmann, T. and Riese, M.},
      title        = {{M}odel simulations of stratospheric ozone loss caused by
                      enhanced mesospheric {NO}x during {A}rctic {W}inter
                      2003/2004},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {8},
      issn         = {1680-7316},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-1087},
      pages        = {5279 - 5293},
      year         = {2008},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {Satellite observations show that the enormous solar proton
                      events (SPEs) in October-November 2003 had significant
                      effects on the composition of the stratosphere and
                      mesosphere in the polar regions. After the October-November
                      2003 SPEs and in early 2004, significant enhancements of
                      NOx(=NO+NO2) in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere
                      in the Northern Hemisphere were observed by several
                      satellite instruments. Here we present global full chemistry
                      calculations performed with the CLaMS model to study the
                      impact of mesospheric NOx intrusions on Arctic polar ozone
                      loss processes in the stratosphere. Several model
                      simulations are preformed with different upper boundary
                      conditions for NOx at 2000 K potential temperature
                      (approximate to 50 km altitude). In our study we focus on
                      the impact of the non-local production of NOx, which means
                      the downward transport of enhanced NOx from the mesosphere
                      to the stratosphere. The local production of NOx in the
                      stratosphere is neglected. Our findings show that intrusions
                      of mesospheric air into the stratosphere, transporting high
                      burdens of NOx, affect the composition of the Arctic polar
                      region down to about 400 K (approximate to 17-18 km). We
                      compare our simulated NOx and O-3 mixing ratios with
                      satellite observations by ACE-FTS and MIPAS processed at
                      IMK/IAA and derive an upper limit for the ozone loss caused
                      by enhanced mesospheric NOx. Our findings show that in the
                      Arctic polar vortex (equivalent lat. > 70 degrees N) the
                      accumulated column ozone loss between 350-2000 K potential
                      temperature (approximate to 14-50 km altitude) caused by the
                      SPEs in October-November 2003 in the stratosphere is up to
                      3.3 DU with an upper limit of 5.5 DU until end of November.
                      Further, we found that about 10 DU, but in any case lower
                      than 18 DU, accumulated ozone loss additionally occurred
                      until end of March 2004 caused by the transport of
                      mesospheric NOx-rich air in early 2004. The
                      solar-proton-produced NOx above 55 km due to the SPEs of
                      October-November 2003 had a negligibly small impact on ozone
                      loss processes through the end of November in the lower
                      stratosphere (350-700 K approximate to 14-27 km). The
                      mesospheric NOx intrusions in early 2004 yielded a lower
                      stratospheric ozone loss of about 3.5 DU, and clearly lower
                      than 6.5 DU through the end of March. Overall, the non-local
                      production of NOx is an additional variability in the
                      existing variations of the ozone loss observed in the
                      Arctic.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-1},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB790},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000259221400014},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1087},
}