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@ARTICLE{Eisenhauer:10919,
      author       = {Eisenhauer, N. and Milcu, A. and Allan, E. and Nitschke, N.
                      and Scherber, Ch. and Temperton, V. M. and Weigelt, A. and
                      Weisser, W.W. and Scheu, S.},
      title        = {{I}mpact of above- and below-ground invertebrates on
                      temporal and spatial stability of grassland of different
                      diversity},
      journal      = {Journal of ecology},
      volume       = {99},
      issn         = {0022-0477},
      address      = {Oxford [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-10919},
      pages        = {572 - 582},
      year         = {2011},
      note         = {We thank all the people who helped to establish and manage
                      the experimental field site, particularly the former
                      coordinator C. Roscher for managing the biomass harvest in
                      2004, E. Marquard for providing the data on module density,
                      and the gardeners S. Eismann, S. Hengelhaupt, S. Junghans,
                      U. Kober, K. Kuntze and H. Scheffler. Further, we thank U.
                      Wehmeier, L. Clement, S. Partsch and A.C.W. Sabais for
                      ensuring insecticide treatments and C.M. Pusch, A. Roos,
                      D.T. Tran and T. Keil for the help during earthworm
                      extractions. Comments of two anonymous referees helped to
                      improve the work. The Jena Experiment is funded by the
                      German Science Foundation (FOR 456). N.E. is grateful for a
                      postdoctoral scholarship by the German Science Foundation
                      (Ei 862/1-1).},
      abstract     = {1. Recent theoretical studies suggest that the stability of
                      ecosystem processes is not governed by diversity per se, but
                      by multitrophic interactions in complex communities.
                      However, experimental evidence supporting this assumption is
                      scarce. 2. We investigated the impact of plant diversity and
                      the presence of above- and below-ground invertebrates on the
                      stability of plant community productivity in space and time,
                      as well as the interrelationship between both stability
                      measures in experimental grassland communities. 3. We
                      sampled above-ground plant biomass on subplots with
                      manipulated above- and below-ground invertebrate densities
                      of a grassland biodiversity experiment (Jena Experiment) 1,
                      4 and 6 years after the establishment of the treatments to
                      investigate temporal stability. Moreover, we harvested
                      spatial replicates at the last sampling date to explore
                      spatial stability. 4. The coefficient of variation of
                      spatial and temporal replicates served as a proxy for
                      ecosystem stability. Both spatial and temporal stability
                      increased to a similar extent with plant diversity.
                      Moreover, there was a positive correlation between spatial
                      and temporal stability, and elevated plant density might be
                      a crucial factor governing the stability of diverse plant
                      communities. 5. Above-ground insects generally increased
                      temporal stability, whereas impacts of both earthworms and
                      above-ground insects depended on plant species richness and
                      the presence of grasses. These results suggest that
                      inconsistent results of previous studies on the
                      diversity–stability relationship have in part been due to
                      neglecting higher trophic-level interactions governing
                      ecosystem stability. 6. Changes in plant species diversity
                      in one trophic level are thus unlikely to mirror changes in
                      multitrophic interrelationships. Our results suggest that
                      both above- and below-ground invertebrates decouple the
                      relationship between spatial and temporal stability of plant
                      community productivity by differently affecting the
                      homogenizing mechanisms of plants in diverse plant
                      communities. 7. Synthesis. Species extinctions and
                      accompanying changes in multitrophic interactions are likely
                      to result not only in alterations in the magnitude of
                      ecosystem functions but also in its variability complicating
                      the assessment and prediction of consequences of current
                      biodiversity loss.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Plant Sciences / Ecology},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000287785300023},
      doi          = {10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01783.x},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/10919},
}