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@ARTICLE{Oberdrster:11657,
      author       = {Oberdörster, C. and Vanderborght, J. and Kemna, A. and
                      Vereecken, H.},
      title        = {{I}nvestigating preferential flow processes in a forest
                      soil using time domain reflectometry and electrical
                      resistivity tomography},
      journal      = {Vadose zone journal},
      volume       = {9},
      issn         = {1539-1663},
      address      = {Madison, Wis.},
      publisher    = {SSSA},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-11657},
      pages        = {350 - 361},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {This work was supported by the Deutsche
                      Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) in the framework of the project
                      "Combining remote sensing and geophysical methods for
                      monitoring and modelling of water fluxes and soil water
                      dynamics in a forest stand."},
      abstract     = {We compared the well-established time domain reflectometry
                      (TDR) method and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to
                      monitor bulk electrical conductivity, sigma(b), during a
                      saline tracer experiment. The experiment was conducted at a
                      forest site on the premises of the Forschungszentrum Julich.
                      To parameterize solute transport processes, the
                      convection-dispersion equation (CDE) and the mobile-immobile
                      (MIM) model were fitted to the data. Although sigma(b)
                      derived from ERT was lower than TDR measurements at almost
                      all depths, the estimated pore water velocities of the CDE
                      model were very similar. Early peak arrival times at lower
                      depths and long tailings of the breakthrough curves clearly
                      indicated preferential flow phenomena that could not be
                      described with an appropriate parameterization using
                      classical transport approaches such as the CDE. Adoption of
                      the MIM model did not lead to more reasonable solute
                      transport parameters. Additionally, preferential flow was
                      reflected in high peak velocities in the lower depths, which
                      exceeded piston flow velocities. The strong decline in peak
                      sigma(b) with depth showed that the volume through which
                      transport took place decreased with depth. Typical features
                      of preferential transport could be detected and the spatial
                      variability of the preferential transport process could be
                      imaged by ERT.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-4 / JARA-ENERGY},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB793 / $I:(DE-82)080011_20140620$},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Environmental Sciences / Soil Science / Water Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000277718000015},
      doi          = {10.2136/vzj2009.0073},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/11657},
}