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@ARTICLE{Jentsch:11688,
      author       = {Jentsch, A. and Kreyling, J. and Elmer, M. and Gellesch, E.
                      and Glaser, B. and Grant, K. and Hein, R. and Lara, M. and
                      Mirzae, H. and Nadler, S.E. and Nagy, L. and Otieno, D. and
                      Pritsch, K. and Rascher, U. and Schädler, M. and Schloter,
                      M. and Singh, B.K. and Stadler, J. and Walter, J. and
                      Wellstein, C. and Wöllecke, J. and Beierkuhnlein, C.},
      title        = {{C}limate extremes initiate ecosystem- regulating functions
                      while maintaining productivity},
      journal      = {Journal of ecology},
      volume       = {99},
      issn         = {0022-0477},
      address      = {Oxford [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-11688},
      pages        = {689 - 702},
      year         = {2011},
      note         = {The contribution of various working groups to the
                      measurements in the EVENT experiment gives us a unique
                      opportunity to bring bits and pieces together. We thank J.
                      Bottcher-Treschkow, M. Ewald, N. Herold, Z. Hussein Y. Li,
                      M. Mederer, C. Muller, L. Mueller, S. Neugebauer, D. Pfab,
                      K. Simmnacher, H. Skiba, S. Walther, M. Wenigmann, D. Wulf
                      and many student helpers for assistance with data mining in
                      the field and fruitful discussions. Research funding was
                      provided by the German Science Foundation (DFG) and by
                      FORKAST.},
      abstract     = {1. Studying the effects of climate or weather extremes such
                      as drought and heat waves on biodiversity and ecosystem
                      functions is one of the most important facets of climate
                      change research. In particular, primary production is
                      amounting to the common currency in field experiments
                      world-wide. Rarely, however, are multiple ecosystem
                      functions measured in a single study in order to address
                      general patterns across different categories of responses
                      and to analyse effects of climate extremes on various
                      ecosystem functions. 2. We set up a long-term field
                      experiment, where we applied recurrent severe drought events
                      annually for five consecutive years to constructed grassland
                      communities in central Europe. The 32 response parameters
                      studied were closely related to ecosystem functions such as
                      primary production, nutrient cycling, carbon fixation, water
                      regulation and community stability. 3. Surprisingly, in the
                      face of severe drought, above- and below-ground primary
                      production of plants remained stable across all years of the
                      drought manipulation. 4. Yet, severe drought significantly
                      reduced below-ground performance of microbes in soil
                      indicated by reduced soil respiration, microbial biomass and
                      cellulose decomposition rates as well as mycorrhization
                      rates. Furthermore, drought reduced leaf water potential,
                      leaf gas exchange and leaf protein content, while increasing
                      maximum uptake capacity, leaf carbon isotope signature and
                      leaf carbohydrate content. With regard to community
                      stability, drought induced complementary plant–plant
                      interactions and shifts in flower phenology, and decreased
                      invasibility of plant communities and primary consumer
                      abundance. 5. Synthesis. Our results provide the first
                      field-based experimental evidence that climate extremes
                      initiate plant physiological processes, which may serve to
                      regulate ecosystem productivity. A potential reason for
                      different dynamics in various ecosystem services facing
                      extreme climatic events may lie in the temporal hierarchy of
                      patterns of fast versus slow response. Such data on multiple
                      response parameters within climate change experiments foster
                      the understanding of mechanisms of resilience, of synergisms
                      or decoupling of biogeochemical processes, and of
                      fundamental response dynamics to drought at the ecosystem
                      level including potential tipping points and thresholds of
                      regime shift. Future work is needed to elucidate the role of
                      biodiversity and of biotic interactions in modulating
                      ecosystem response to climate extremes.},
      cin          = {ICG-3 / IBG-2},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ICG-3-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Plant Sciences / Ecology},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000289626000005},
      doi          = {10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01817.x},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/11688},
}