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@ARTICLE{Khl:11690,
      author       = {Kühl, N. and Moschen, R. and Wagner, S. and Brewer, S. and
                      Peyron, O.},
      title        = {{A} multiproxy record of {L}ate {H}olocene natural and
                      anthropogenic environmental change from the {S}phagnum peat
                      bog {D}ürres {M}aar, {G}ermany: implications for
                      quantitative climate reconstructions based on pollen},
      journal      = {Journal of quaternary science},
      volume       = {25},
      issn         = {0267-8179},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-11690},
      pages        = {675 - 688},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {We acknowledge funding by the German Research Foundation
                      DFG (grants KU 1973/2-1 and MO 1401/2-1). We thank Dr Georg
                      Heumann, Dr Jorn Parplies, Nils Riedel and Dr Heinz Vos for
                      field assistance, and Prof. Thomas Litt and Dr Bas van Geel
                      for valuable comments. The suggestions of Prof. Keith Barber
                      and an anonymous reviewer greatly improved the manuscript.
                      Stable carbon isotope measurements were carried out by
                      Holger Wissel in the Institute of Chemistry and Dynamics of
                      the Geosphere 4: Agrosphere, Forschungszentrum Julich,
                      Germany. Dr Christa Lankes, Institut fur
                      Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Resourcenschutz (INRES),
                      Bonn, kindly provided access to facilities of the
                      institute.},
      abstract     = {Pollen data are well established for quantitative climate
                      reconstructions over long timescales, including the Holocene
                      and older interglacials. However, anthropogenically induced
                      environmental change in central Europe was strong during the
                      last 4 ka, challenging quantitative reconstructions of this
                      time period. Here we present quantitative climate
                      reconstructions based on pollen analyses and evaluate them
                      with the peat humification record and the stable carbon
                      isotopes of Sphagnum plant material (delta
                      C-13(cellulose))(.) All analyses were carried out on the
                      same 7.5 m long, largely ombrotrophic peat bog section from
                      Durres Maar. Three different methods were used for the
                      quantitative climate reconstructions on the basis of the
                      pollen data: (1) a probabilistic indicator taxa approach
                      (the 'pdf method'); (2) a modern analogue technique based on
                      pollen taxa from modern surface samples (cMAT); and (3) a
                      modern analogue technique expanded by plant functional types
                      (pMAT). At Durres Maar the peat humification is only
                      affected by peat cutting during the Roman period and the
                      Middle Ages. The stable carbon isotopes are seemingly
                      unaffected by human impact. Thus both proxies provide
                      independent data to evaluate the reconstructions on the
                      basis of pollen data. The quantitative climate
                      reconstructions on the basis of the individual methods are
                      in general relatively similar. Nevertheless, distinct
                      differences between the individual approaches are also
                      apparent, which could be attributed to taxa that reflect
                      human impact on a local to regional scale. While the pdf
                      method appears to be relatively robust to all observed
                      anthropogenically induced vegetation changes, it potentially
                      underestimates climate variability. This method is therefore
                      expected to be independent of local site characteristics and
                      to provide robust quantitative estimates of climatic trends
                      rather than of climatic variability of small amplitude. This
                      is of value for palaeoclimate reconstructions of older
                      interglacials, for which neither multiple sites nor
                      independent climate proxies are available for comparison.
                      Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley $\&$ Sons, Ltd.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-4},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB793},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Geosciences, Multidisciplinary / Paleontology},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000280448000007},
      doi          = {10.1002/jqs.1342},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/11690},
}