TY  - JOUR
AU  - Unold, M.
AU  - Kasteel, R.
AU  - Groeneweg, J.
AU  - Vereecken, H.
TI  - Transport of sulfadiazine in undisturbed soil columns: Effect of flow rate, input concentration and pulse duration
JO  - Journal of environmental quality
VL  - 39
SN  - 0047-2425
CY  - Madison, Wis.
PB  - ASA [u.a.]
M1  - PreJuSER-11973
SP  - 2147 - 2159
PY  - 2010
N1  - We acknowledge the German Research Foundation (DFG) for the financial support (FOR566) and Bayer HealthCare (Wuppertal, Germany) for the production of the <SUP>14</SUP>C-labeled sulfadiazine. We also thank Stephan Koppchen for the HPLC measurements, Thorsten Buttner, Stefan Masjosthusman, Kavita Mayekar, and Maja Stiefelhagen for their assistance in the laboratory, Jurgen Holtkemeier and Ansgar Weuthen for building the experimental setup and three anonymous reviewers and the editor for their helpful comments.
AB  - Antibiotics reach soils via spreading of manure or sewage sludge. Knowledge on the transport behavior of antibiotics in soils is needed to assess their environmental fate. The effect of flow rate and applied mass, i.e., input concentration and pulse duration, on the transport of C-14-sulfadiazine (SDZ; 4-amino-N-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzenesulfonamide) was investigated with soil column experiments and numerical studies. Sulfadiazine was applied in pulses (6.8, 68 or 306 h) under steady-state (0.051 and 0.21 cm h(-1)) and intermittent flow conditions and at two input concentrations (0.57 and 5.7 mg L-1). Breakthrough curves (BTCs) of C-14 were measured and for one experiment concentrations of SDZ, and its transformation products 4-(2-iminopyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)aniline (An-SDZ) and N-1-2-(4-hydroxypyrimidinyl)benzenesulfanilamide (4-OH-SDZ) were determined. After finalizing the leaching experiments, C-14 was quantified in different slices of the columns. A lower flow rate led to remarkably lower eluted masses compared with the higher flow rates. All BTCs could be described well using a three-site attachment detachment model for which a common set of parameters was determined. However, the BTC obtained with the high input concentration was slightly better described with a two-site isotherm-based model. The prediction of the concentration profiles was good with both model concepts. The fitted sorption capacities decreased in the order SDZ > 4-OH-SDZ > An-SDZ. Overall, the experiments reveal the presence of similar mechanisms characterizing SDZ transport. The dependence of model performance on concentration implies that although the three-site attachment-detachment model is appropriate to predict the transport of SDZ in soil columns, not all relevant processes are adequately captured.
KW  - J (WoSType)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000283897200030
DO  - DOI:10.2134/jeq2009.0445
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/11973
ER  -