% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Vogel:12481,
      author       = {Vogel, B. and Pan, L.L. and Konopka, P. and Günther, G.
                      and Müller, R. and Hall, W. and Campos, T. and Pollack, I.
                      and Weinheimer, A. and Wei, J. and Atlas, E.L. and Bowman,
                      K.P.},
      title        = {{T}ransport pathways and signatures of mixing in the
                      extratropical tropopause region derived from {L}agrangian
                      model simulations},
      journal      = {Journal of Geophysical Research},
      volume       = {116},
      issn         = {0148-0227},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Union},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-12481},
      pages        = {D05306},
      year         = {2011},
      note         = {The authors thank three anonymous reviewers for their very
                      helpful reviews. The START08 experiment is sponsored by the
                      National Science Foundation (NSF). The authors gratefully
                      acknowledge the instrument team, cosponsored by NFS and
                      NCAR, and the NCAR Research Aviation Facility staff for
                      running the flight operation. The work by B. Vogel was
                      partly funded by the German Science Foundation (Deutsche
                      Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) under contract 552102.},
      abstract     = {Model simulations with the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the
                      Stratosphere (CLaMS) driven by wind fields of the National
                      Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) were performed in
                      the midlatitude tropopause region in April 2008 to study two
                      research flights conducted during the START08 campaign. One
                      flight targeted a deep tropospheric intrusion and another
                      flight targeted a deep stratospheric intrusion event, both
                      of them in the vicinity of the subtropical and polar jet.
                      Air masses with strong signatures of mixing between
                      stratospheric and tropospheric air masses were identified
                      from measured CO-O-3 correlations, and the characteristics
                      were reproduced by CLaMS model simulations. CLaMS
                      simulations in turn complement the observations and provide
                      a broader view of the mixed region in physical space. Using
                      artificial tracers of air mass origin within CLaMS yields
                      unique information about the transport pathways and their
                      contribution to the composition in the mixed region from
                      different transport origins. Three different regions are
                      examined to categorize dominant transport processes: (1) on
                      the cyclonic side of the polar jet within tropopause folds
                      where air from the lowermost stratosphere and the cyclonic
                      side of the jet is transported downward into the
                      troposphere, (2) on the anticyclonic side of the polar jet
                      around the 2 PVU surface air masses, where signatures of
                      mixing between the troposphere and lowermost stratosphere
                      were found with large contributions of air masses from low
                      latitudes, and (3) in the lower stratosphere associated with
                      a deep tropospheric intrusion originating in the tropical
                      tropopause layer (TTL). Moreover, the time scale of
                      transport from the TTL into the lowermost stratosphere is in
                      the range of weeks whereas the stratospheric intrusions
                      occur on a time scale of days.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK491},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000288604300003},
      doi          = {10.1029/2010JD014876},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/12481},
}