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@ARTICLE{Schiller:129364,
      author       = {Schiller, Viktoria and Wichmann, Arne and Kriehuber, Ralf
                      and Muth-Köhne, Elke and Giesy, John P and Hecker, Markus
                      and Fenske, Martina},
      title        = {{S}tudying the effects of genistein on gene expression of
                      fish embryos as an alternative testing approach for
                      endocrine disruption.},
      journal      = {Comparative biochemistry and physiology / C},
      volume       = {157},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1532-0456},
      address      = {London [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Pergamon Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2013-00880},
      pages        = {41 - 53},
      year         = {2013},
      abstract     = {Assessment of endocrine disruption currently relies on
                      testing strategies involving adult vertebrates. In order to
                      minimize the use of animal tests according to the 3Rs
                      principle of replacement, reduction and refinement, we
                      propose a transcriptomics and fish embryo based approach as
                      an alternative to identify and analyze an estrogenic
                      activity of environmental chemicals. For this purpose, the
                      suitability of 48 h and 7 days post-fertilization zebrafish
                      and medaka embryos to test for estrogenic disruption was
                      evaluated. The embryos were exposed to the phytoestrogen
                      genistein and subsequently analyzed by microarrays and
                      quantitative real-time PCR. The functional analysis showed
                      that the genes affected related to multiple metabolic and
                      signaling pathways in the early fish embryo, which reflect
                      the known components of genistein's mode of actions, like
                      apoptosis, estrogenic response, hox gene expression and
                      steroid hormone synthesis. Moreover, the transcriptomic data
                      also suggested a thyroidal mode of action and disruption of
                      the nervous system development. The parallel testing of two
                      fish species provided complementary data on the effects of
                      genistein at gene expression level and facilitated the
                      separation of common from species-dependent effects.
                      Overall, the study demonstrated that combining fish embryo
                      testing with transcriptomics can deliver abundant
                      information about the mechanistic effects of endocrine
                      disrupting chemicals, rendering this strategy a promising
                      alternative approach to test for endocrine disruption in a
                      whole organism in-vitro scale system.},
      cin          = {S-US},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)S-US-20090406},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF2-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:23017276},
      UT           = {WOS:000312470600006},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.cbpc.2012.09.005},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/129364},
}