TY  - JOUR
AU  - Venkatachari, N.J.
AU  - Walker, L.A.
AU  - Tastan, O.
AU  - Le, T.
AU  - Dempsey, T.M.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Yanamala, N.
AU  - Srinivasan, A.
AU  - Klein-Seetharaman, J.
AU  - Montelaro, R.C.
AU  - Ayyavoo, V.
TI  - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr:  Oligomerization is an essential feature for its incorporation into virus particles
JO  - Virology
VL  - 7
SN  - 0042-6822
CY  - San Diego, Calif. [u.a.]
PB  - Elsevier
M1  - PreJuSER-13094
SP  - 119
PY  - 2010
N1  - Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012
AB  - HIV-1 Vpr, a nonstructural viral protein associated with virus particles, has a positive role in the efficient transport of PIC into the nucleus of non-dividing target cells and enhances virus replication in primary T cells. Vpr is a 96 amino acid protein and the structure by NMR shows three helical domains. Vpr has been shown to exist as dimers and higher order oligomers. Considering the multifunctional nature of Vpr, the contribution of distinct helical domains to the dimer/oligomer structure of Vpr and the relevance of this feature to its functions are not clear. To address this, we have utilized molecular modeling approaches to identify putative models of oligomerization. The predicted interface residues were subjected to site-directed mutagenesis and evaluated their role in intermolecular interaction and virion incorporation. The interaction between Vpr molecules was monitored by Bimolecular Fluorescence complementation (BiFC) method. The results show that Vpr forms oligomers in live cells and residues in helical domains play critical roles in oligomerization. Interestingly, Vpr molecules defective in oligomerization also fail to incorporate into the virus particles. Based on the data, we suggest that oligomerization of Vpr is essential for virion incorporation property and may also have a role in the events associated with virus infection.
KW  - Amino Acid Sequence
KW  - Cell Line
KW  - HIV-1: chemistry
KW  - HIV-1: genetics
KW  - HIV-1: metabolism
KW  - Humans
KW  - Molecular Conformation
KW  - Molecular Sequence Data
KW  - Protein Structure, Tertiary
KW  - Sequence Alignment
KW  - Virion: chemistry
KW  - Virion: genetics
KW  - Virion: metabolism
KW  - vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus: chemistry
KW  - vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus: genetics
KW  - vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus: metabolism
KW  - vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - J (WoSType)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:20529298
C2  - pmc:PMC2894018
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000244272500011
DO  - DOI:10.1186/1743-422X-7-119
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/13094
ER  -