000137776 001__ 137776 000137776 005__ 20210129212109.0 000137776 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.pneurobio.2012.11.002 000137776 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1873-5118 000137776 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0301-0082 000137776 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000318321400002 000137776 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/5383 000137776 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:21004920 000137776 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:23195880 000137776 037__ $$aFZJ-2013-04092 000137776 082__ $$a610 000137776 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131680$$aFeldmeyer, Dirk$$b0$$eCorresponding author$$ufzj 000137776 245__ $$aBarrel cortex function 000137776 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier$$c2013 000137776 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s137776 000137776 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000137776 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000137776 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000137776 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000137776 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000137776 500__ $$3POF3_Assignment on 2016-02-29 000137776 520__ $$aNeocortex, the neuronal structure at the base of the remarkable cognitive skills of mammals, is a layered sheet of neuronal tissue composed of juxtaposed and interconnected columns. A cortical column is considered the basic module of cortical processing present in all cortical areas. It is believed to contain a characteristic microcircuit composed of a few thousand neurons. The high degree of cortical segmentation into vertical columns and horizontal layers is a boon for scientific investigation because it eases the systematic dissection and functional analysis of intrinsic as well as extrinsic connections of the column. In this review we will argue that in order to understand neocortical function one needs to combine a microscopic view, elucidating the workings of the local columnar microcircuits, with a macroscopic view, which keeps track of the linkage of distant cortical modules in different behavioral contexts. We will exemplify this strategy using the model system of vibrissal touch in mice and rats. On the macroscopic level vibrissal touch is an important sense for the subterranean rodents and has been honed by evolution to serve an array of distinct behaviors. Importantly, the vibrissae are moved actively to touch - requiring intricate sensorimotor interactions. Vibrissal touch, therefore, offers ample opportunities to relate different behavioral contexts to specific interactions of distant columns. On the microscopic level, the cortical modules in primary somatosensory cortex process touch inputs at highest magnification and discreteness - each whisker is represented by its own so-called barrel column. The cellular composition, intrinsic connectivity and functional aspects of the barrel column have been studied in great detail. Building on the versatility of genetic tools available in rodents, new, highly selective and flexible cellular and molecular tools to monitor and manipulate neuronal activity have been devised. Researchers have started to combine these with advanced and highly precise behavioral methods, on par with the precision known from monkey preparations. Therefore, the vibrissal touch model system is exquisitely positioned to combine the microscopic with the macroscopic view and promises to be instrumental in our understanding of neocortical function. 000137776 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF2-331$$a331 - Signalling Pathways and Mechanisms in the Nervous System (POF2-331)$$cPOF2-331$$fPOF II$$x0 000137776 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, juser.fz-juelich.de 000137776 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBrecht, Michael$$b1 000137776 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHelmchen, Fritjof$$b2 000137776 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPetersen, Carl C. H.$$b3 000137776 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPoulet, James F. 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