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@INPROCEEDINGS{Schrader:139571,
      author       = {Schrader, Tobias and Ostermann, Andreas and Monkenbusch,
                      Michael and Laatsch, Bernhard and Jüttner, Philipp and
                      Petry, Winfried and Richter, Dieter},
      title        = {{N}ew sample environment options at the neutron
                      diffractometer “{B}io{D}iff”},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2013-05554},
      year         = {2013},
      abstract     = {The neutron diffractometer BioDiff is a joint project of
                      the Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ/JCNS) and the
                      Forschungs-Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II).
                      BioDiff is especially designed to collect data from crystals
                      with large unit cells. The main field of application is the
                      structure analysis of proteins, especially the determination
                      of hydrogen atom positions. Typical scientific questions
                      addressed are the determination of protonation states of
                      amino acid side chains and the characterization of the
                      hydrogen bonding network between the protein and an
                      inhibitor or substrate. The orientation of water molecules
                      in the active centre of the protein can also be determined.
                      To first solve the structure of the protein using x-rays is
                      a prerequisite for a successful experiment at BioDiff
                      because we use the x-ray structure to solve the phase
                      problem of crystallography. In some cases it is desirable to
                      record the neutron data set at the same temperature as the
                      x-ray data set. Especially this enables a joint
                      neutron/x-ray refinement. Since the x-ray data at
                      synchrotrons are often measured at cryogenic temperatures of
                      100 K we integrated a standard Oxford Cryosystems
                      “Cryostream 700 Plus” as a new sample environment option
                      to the instrument BioDiff (see Fig. 1 right). Recording data
                      sets at low temperatures also facilitates measurements of
                      frozen intermediate states of the protein or protein
                      substrate complexes where the substrate is not digested by
                      the protein due to the low mobility at cryogenic
                      temperatures. The main advantage of the monochromatic
                      instrument BioDiff is the possibility to adapt the
                      wavelength between 2.4 Å and 5.6 Å to obtain a compromise
                      between higher scattering yields at longer wavelengths and
                      better resolution at smaller wavelengths. The main detector
                      of BioDiff consists of a neutron imaging plate system in a
                      cylindrical geometry in order to cover a large solid angle.
                      A Li/ZnS scintillator imaged onto a CCD-chip is available
                      for additional detection purposes (see Fig. 1, left).
                      Applications of the BioDiff instrument as a powder
                      diffractometer are also discussed.},
      month         = {Mar},
      date          = {2013-03-19},
      organization  = {21st Annual Conference of the German
                       Crystallographic Society, Freiberg
                       (Germany), 19 Mar 2013 - 22 Mar 2013},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {ICS-1 / JCNS-1 / JCNS (München) ; Jülich Centre for
                      Neutron Science JCNS (München) ; JCNS-FRM-II / ZEA-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ICS-1-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-1-20110106 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-FRM-II-20110218 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-1-20090406},
      pnm          = {451 - Soft Matter Composites (POF2-451) / 54G - JCNS
                      (POF2-54G24)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-451 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-54G24},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/139571},
}