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@ARTICLE{Zhang:141351,
      author       = {Zhang, Yi and Murata, Hayaki and Hatsukade, Yoshimi and
                      Tanaka, Saburo},
      title        = {{S}uperparamagnetic nanoparticle detection using second
                      harmonic of magnetization response},
      journal      = {Review of scientific instruments},
      volume       = {84},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {0034-6748},
      address      = {[S.l.]},
      publisher    = {American Institute of Physics},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2013-06535},
      pages        = {094702 -},
      year         = {2013},
      abstract     = {We introduce a method to improve the detection sensitivity
                      for the magnetization M of superparamagnetic nanoparticles
                      (MNP). The M response of MNP to an applied magnetic field H
                      (M–H characteristics) could be divided into a linear
                      region and a saturation region, which are separated at a
                      transition point H k. When applying an excitation magnetic
                      field (H ac ) with a frequency ω0 and an additional dc bias
                      field H dc = H k, the second harmonic of M reaches the
                      maximum due to the nonlinearity of the M–H
                      characteristics. It is stronger than any other harmonics and
                      responsible for small H ac without a threshold. The second
                      harmonic selected as the readout criterion for M response of
                      MNP is systematically analyzed and experimentally proven.},
      cin          = {PGI-8 / ICS-8 / JARA-FIT},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-8-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)ICS-8-20110106 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$},
      pnm          = {423 - Sensorics and bioinspired systems (POF2-423) / 453 -
                      Physics of the Cell (POF2-453)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-423 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-453},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000325402000037},
      doi          = {10.1063/1.4820447},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/141351},
}