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@INPROCEEDINGS{Bnting:150450,
      author       = {Bünting, Aiko and Uhlenbruck, Sven and Finsterbusch,
                      Martin and Buchkremer, Hans Peter},
      title        = {{C}rystallization behavior and electrochemical performance
                      of pure {L}i{F}e{PO}4 thin films deposited on aluminum foil
                      by unbalanced radiofrequency ({RF})-magnetron sputtering},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-00506},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {In literature on sputter deposition of thin film LiFePO4,
                      substrates like stainless steel or substrates coated with
                      titanium or platinum were used almost exclusively. Due to
                      the reasonable temperature stability of these materials,
                      amorphous thin films can be crystallized over a wide
                      temperature range. However, for commercial applications,
                      these substrates are either too expensive or have
                      unfavorable high densities and therefore reduce the specific
                      energy density. An alternative substrate material with a
                      comparable low price and a lower density is aluminum, which
                      is also used in standard Li Ion batteries as current
                      collector. However, because of the low melting point of
                      aluminum the temperature range for the crystallization of as
                      deposited LiFePO4 films is limited to 660 °C. The aim of
                      this work is to characterize the crystallization and
                      electrochemical behavior of unbalanced RF-magnetron
                      sputtered LiFePO4 thin films on aluminum substrates.
                      Moreover, the effect of charging and discharging on the
                      LiFePO4 on the composition and structure is analyzed. Pure
                      LiFePO4 is deposited on 250 µm thick aluminum foils. Due to
                      the unbalanced plasma, the substrates heat up to 100 °C
                      during the deposition process. For crystallization of the
                      LiFePO4 thin films, a subsequent annealing step at
                      temperatures between 300 °C and 500 °C was conducted in
                      Argon atmosphere. The structure and morphology was
                      characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning
                      electron microscopy (SEM) before and after electrochemical
                      measurements in Sawgelok® cells with liquid electrolyte.
                      The electrochemical performance was investigated using
                      cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge measurements of the
                      LFP thin films.},
      month         = {Mar},
      date          = {2014-03-25},
      organization  = {Kraftwerk Batterie, Münster
                       (Germany), 25 Mar 2014 - 26 Mar 2014},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {435 - Energy Storage (POF2-435) / HITEC - Helmholtz
                      Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and Climate
                      Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-435 / G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)1},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/150450},
}