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@PHDTHESIS{Hauler:15112,
      author       = {Hauler, Felix},
      title        = {{H}erstellung und {C}harakterisierung von keramik- und
                      metallgestützten {M}embranschichten für die
                      {CO}$_{2}$-{A}btrennung in fossilen {K}raftwerken},
      volume       = {80},
      issn         = {1866-1793},
      school       = {Faktultät für Maschinenba. Ruhr-Universität Bochum},
      type         = {Dr.},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibiothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-15112},
      isbn         = {978-3-89336-662-0},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich : Energie $\&$
                      Umwelt / Energy $\&$ Environment},
      pages        = {XVIII, 178 S.},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {Record converted from JUWEL: 18.07.2013; Ruhr-Universität
                      Bochum, Faktultät für Maschinenbau, 2010},
      abstract     = {The separation of CO$_{2}$ in fossil fuel power plants has
                      become a very important issue due to the contribution of
                      this greenhouse gas to global warming. Thin microporous
                      membranes are promising candidates for separating CO$_{2}$
                      from gas flow before being exhausted into the atmosphere.
                      The membrane demands are good permeation and separation
                      properties and high stability under operation conditions.
                      Novel sol-gel derived materials composed of
                      TiO$_{2}$/ZrO$_{2}$ and stabilized SiO$_{2}$ seem to be
                      promising due to their good chemical stability and
                      microporous character, especially for the separation of
                      H$_{2}$ and CO$_{2}$. Metallic substrates should be
                      preferred as membrane support because they exhibit practical
                      advantages combining good mechanical stability and the
                      benefit of facilitated joining. The present thesis deals
                      with the development of sol-gel derived microporous membrane
                      layers on ceramic and metallic supports for the separation
                      of CO$_{2}$. In this context, the optimized preparation of
                      high-quality membranes with TiO$_{2}$/ZrO$_{2}$ and Ni, Co,
                      Zr, Ti doped SiO$_{2}$ top layers is presented. These
                      multilayered membranes consist of a graded pore structure to
                      provide a smooth transition of the pore size from the
                      support to the functional layer. Due to the good surface
                      properties, the ceramic substrates only need one interlayer,
                      whereas the rough metallic substrates exhibiting larger
                      pores require a total of three interlayers to obtain an
                      enhanced surface quality. On both types of supports,
                      crack-free functional layers with a thickness below 100 nm
                      were deposited by dip-coating. The unsupported and supported
                      sol-gel materials used for the top layers were investigated
                      in terms of structural properties by thermal analysis,
                      sorption measurements, X-ray diffraction and electron
                      microscopy. Gas permeation tests with He, H$_{2}$, CO$_{2}$
                      und N$_{2}$ were carried out to determine the membrane
                      performance with regard to permeation rates and separation
                      properties. Ceramic supported stabilized SiO$_{2}$ membranes
                      exhibit a 100 \% separation of He and H$_{2}$ towards larger
                      gas molecules such as CO$_{2}$ and N$_{2}$. This occurs when
                      all the manufacturing steps which include sol preparation
                      and layer deposition under cleanroom conditions are
                      optimized. In contrast, the layers are not applicable for
                      separation of CO$_{2}$ and N$_{2}$ by reason of very low or
                      no flow rates. The microporous TiO$_{2}$/ZrO$_{2}$
                      functional layers show a lack of viable permeation and
                      separation properties suggesting a low pore volume. The
                      metal supported membranes with SiO$_{2}$ based functional
                      layer demonstrate a selectivity of H$_{2}$/CO$_{2}$ up to 50
                      and exhibit a very good separation performance compared to
                      similar membranes in literature. Ceramic supported SiO$_{2}$
                      based functional layers prepared by Rapid Thermal Processing
                      (RTP) with a deposition and calcination time of one hour
                      were investigated to reduce the membrane production time.
                      Gas permeation results show a 100 \% separation of H$_{2}$
                      towards CO$_{2}$ and N$_{2}$ confirming the excellent layer
                      quality. The results are an important contribution to the
                      optimized preparation of high-quality microporous membrane
                      layers exhibiting a high potential for CO$_{2}$ separation
                      in fossil fuel power plants. The successful layer deposition
                      on metallic substrates and the significantly reduced heat
                      treatment time by using RTP are a further step of
                      development in membrane technology.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {Rationelle Energieumwandlung},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK402},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11 / PUB:(DE-HGF)3},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/15112},
}