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@ARTICLE{Langner:15250,
      author       = {Langner, R. and Kellermann, T. and Boers, F. and Sturm, W.
                      and Willmes, K. and Eickhoff, S.B.},
      title        = {{M}odality-{S}pecific {P}erceptual {E}xpectations
                      {S}electively {M}odulate {B}aseline {A}ctivity in
                      {A}uditory, {S}omatosensory, and {V}isual {C}ortices},
      journal      = {Cerebral cortex},
      volume       = {21},
      issn         = {1047-3211},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford Univ. Press},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-15250},
      pages        = {2850 - 2862},
      year         = {2011},
      note         = {Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (IRTG 1328 to R. L., K. W.,
                      and S. B. E.); Human Brain Project (R01-MH074457-01A1 to S.
                      B. E.); Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz
                      Association within the Helmholtz Alliance on Systems Biology
                      (Human Brain Model to S. B. E).},
      abstract     = {Valid expectations are known to improve target detection,
                      but the preparatory attentional mechanisms underlying this
                      perceptual facilitation remain an open issue. Using
                      functional magnetic resonance imaging, we show here that
                      expecting auditory, tactile, or visual targets, in the
                      absence of stimulation, selectively increased baseline
                      activity in corresponding sensory cortices and decreased
                      activity in irrelevant ones. Regardless of sensory modality,
                      expectancy activated bilateral premotor and posterior
                      parietal areas, supplementary motor area as well as right
                      anterior insula and right middle frontal gyrus. The
                      bilateral putamen was sensitive to the modality specificity
                      of expectations during the unexpected omission of targets.
                      Thus, across modalities, detection improvement arising from
                      selectively directing attention to a sensory modality
                      appears mediated through transient changes in pretarget
                      activity. This flexible advance modulation of baseline
                      activity in sensory cortices resolves ambiguities among
                      previous studies unable to discriminate modality-specific
                      preparatory activity from attentional modulation of stimulus
                      processing. Our results agree with predictive-coding models,
                      which suggest that these expectancy-related changes reflect
                      top-down biases--presumably originating from the observed
                      supramodal frontoparietal network--that modulate
                      signal-detection sensitivity by differentially modifying
                      background activity (i.e., noise level) in different input
                      channels. The putamen appears to code omission-related
                      Bayesian "surprise" that depends on the specificity of
                      predictions.},
      keywords     = {Anticipation, Psychological: physiology / Attention:
                      physiology / Auditory Cortex: physiology / Brain Mapping /
                      Female / Humans / Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted /
                      Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Male / Reaction Time:
                      physiology / Somatosensory Cortex: physiology / Visual
                      Cortex: physiology / Young Adult / J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {INM-2 / INM-4},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)INM-4-20090406},
      pnm          = {Funktion und Dysfunktion des Nervensystems (FUEK409) /
                      89573 - Neuroimaging (POF2-89573)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK409 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89573},
      shelfmark    = {Neurosciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:21527785},
      UT           = {WOS:000296977900018},
      doi          = {10.1093/cercor/bhr083},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/15250},
}