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@ARTICLE{Nettekoven:153340,
      author       = {Nettekoven, C. and Volz, L. J. and Kutscha, M. and Pool,
                      E.-M. and Rehme, A. K. and Eickhoff, Simon and Fink, G. R.
                      and Grefkes, C.},
      title        = {{D}ose-dependent effects of theta-burst r{TMS} on cortical
                      excitability and resting-state connectivity of the human
                      motor system.},
      journal      = {The journal of neuroscience},
      volume       = {34},
      number       = {20},
      issn         = {0270-6474},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-02972},
      pages        = {6849 - 6859},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {Theta burst stimulation (TBS), a specific protocol of
                      repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), induces
                      changes in cortical excitability that last beyond
                      stimulation. TBS-induced aftereffects, however, vary between
                      subjects, and the mechanisms underlying these aftereffects
                      to date remain poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of
                      this study was to investigate whether increasing the number
                      of pulses of intermittent TBS (iTBS) (1) increases cortical
                      excitability as measured by motor-evoked potentials (MEPs)
                      and (2) alters functional connectivity measured using
                      resting-state fMRI, in a dose-dependent manner. Sixteen
                      healthy, human subjects received three serially applied iTBS
                      blocks of 600 pulses over the primary motor cortex (M1
                      stimulation) and the parieto-occipital vertex (sham
                      stimulation) to test for dose-dependent iTBS effects on
                      cortical excitability and functional connectivity (four
                      sessions in total). iTBS over M1 increased MEP amplitudes
                      compared with sham stimulation after each stimulation block.
                      Although the increase in MEP amplitudes did not differ
                      between the first and second block of M1 stimulation, we
                      observed a significant increase after three blocks (1800
                      pulses). Furthermore, iTBS enhanced resting-state functional
                      connectivity between the stimulated M1 and premotor regions
                      in both hemispheres. Functional connectivity between M1 and
                      ipsilateral dorsal premotor cortex further increased
                      dose-dependently after 1800 pulses of iTBS over M1. However,
                      no correlation between changes in MEP amplitudes and
                      functional connectivity was detected. In summary, our data
                      show that increasing the number of iTBS stimulation blocks
                      results in dose-dependent effects at the local level
                      (cortical excitability) as well as at a systems level
                      (functional connectivity) with a dose-dependent enhancement
                      of dorsal premotor cortex-M1 connectivity},
      cin          = {INM-3 / INM-1},
      ddc          = {590},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)INM-1-20090406},
      pnm          = {333 - Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Neurological and
                      Psychiatric Diseases (POF2-333) / HBP - The Human Brain
                      Project (604102) / 89572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity
                      (POF2-89572)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-333 / G:(EU-Grant)604102 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89572},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000336895000013},
      pubmed       = {24828639},
      doi          = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4993-13.2014},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/153340},
}