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@ARTICLE{Klein:153654,
      author       = {Klein, Rebecca and Blaschke, Stefan and Neumaier, Bernd and
                      Endepols, Heike and Graf, Rudolf and Keuters, Meike and
                      Hucklenbroich, Joerg and Albrechtsen, Morten and Rees,
                      Stephen and Fink, Gereon Rudolf and Schroeter, Michael and
                      Rueger, Maria Adele},
      title        = {{T}he synthetic {NCAM} mimetic peptide {FGL} mobilizes
                      neural stem cells in vitro and in vivo},
      journal      = {Stem cell reviews and reports},
      volume       = {10},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1558-6804},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-03158},
      pages        = {539-547},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) plays a role in
                      neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and neuronal
                      differentiation. The NCAM mimetic peptide FG Loop (FGL)
                      promotes neuronal survival in vitro and enhances spatial
                      learning and memory in rats. We here investigated the
                      effects of FGL on neural stem cells (NSC) in vitro and in
                      vivo. In vitro, cell proliferation of primary NSC was
                      assessed after exposure to various concentrations of NCAM or
                      FGL. The differentiation potential of NCAM- or FGL-treated
                      cells was assessed immunocytochemically. To investigate its
                      influence on endogenous NSC in vivo, FGL was injected
                      subcutaneously into adult rats. The effects on NSC
                      mobilization were studied both via non-invasive positron
                      emission tomography (PET) imaging using the tracer
                      [18F]-fluoro-l-thymidine ([18F]FLT), as well as with
                      immunohistochemistry. Only FGL significantly enhanced NSC
                      proliferation in vitro, with a maximal effect at 10 μg/ml.
                      During differentiation, NCAM promoted neurogenesis, while
                      FGL induced an oligodendroglial phenotype; astrocytic
                      differentiation was neither affected by NCAM or FGL. Those
                      differential effects of NCAM and FGL on differentiation were
                      mediated through different receptors. After FGL-injection in
                      vivo, proliferative activity of NSC in the subventricular
                      zone (SVZ) was increased (compared to placebo-treated
                      animals). Moreover, non-invasive imaging of cell
                      proliferation using [18F]FLT-PET supported an FGL-induced
                      mobilization of NSC from both the SVZ and the hippocampus.
                      We conclude that FGL robustly induces NSC mobilization in
                      vitro and in vivo, and supports oligodendroglial
                      differentiation. This capacity renders FGL a promising agent
                      to facilitate remyelinization, which may eventually make FGL
                      a drug candidate for demyelinating neurological disorders},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {333 - Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Neurological and
                      Psychiatric Diseases (POF2-333) / 89572 - (Dys-)function and
                      Plasticity (POF2-89572)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-333 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89572},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000340510300008},
      pubmed       = {pmid:24817672},
      doi          = {10.1007/s12015-014-9512-5},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/153654},
}