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@ARTICLE{Klinkenberg:153776,
      author       = {Klinkenberg, Martina and Brandt, Felix and Breuer, Uwe and
                      Bosbach, Dirk},
      title        = {{U}ptake of {R}a during the recrystallization of barite: a
                      microscopic and {T}o{F}-{SIMS} study},
      journal      = {Environmental science $\&$ technology},
      volume       = {48},
      number       = {12},
      issn         = {1520-5851},
      address      = {Columbus, Ohio},
      publisher    = {American Chemical Society},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-03264},
      pages        = {6620–6627},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {A combined macroscopic and micro analytical approach was
                      applied on two distinct barite samples from Ra uptake batch
                      experiments using ToF-SIMS and detailed SEM investigations.
                      The experiments were set up at near to equilibrium
                      conditions in order to distinguish between two possible
                      scenarios for the uptake of Ra by already existent barite,
                      (1) formation of a Ba1-xRaxSO4 solid solution surface layer
                      on the barite or (2) a complete recrystallization, leading
                      to homogenous Ba1-xRaxSO4 crystals. It could be clearly
                      shown that Ra uptake in all barite particles analyzed within
                      this study is not limited to the surface but extends to the
                      entire solid. For most grains a homogenous distribution of
                      Ra could be determined, indicating a complete
                      recrystallization of barite into a Ba1-xRaxSO4 solid
                      solution. The maxima of the Ra/Ba intensity ratio
                      distribution histograms calculated from ToF-SIMS are
                      identical with the expected Ra/Ba ratios calculated from
                      mass balance assuming a complete recrystallization.In
                      addition, the role of Ra during the recrystallization of
                      barite was examined via detailed SEM investigations.
                      Depending on the type of barite used, an additional
                      coarsening effect or a strong formation of oriented
                      aggregates was observed compared to blank samples without
                      Ra. In conclusion, the addition of Ra to a barite at close
                      to equilibrium conditions has a major impact on the system
                      leading to a fast re-equilibration of the solid to a
                      Ba1-xRaxSO4 solid solution and visible effects on the
                      particle size distribution, even at room temperature.},
      cin          = {IEK-6 / ZEA-3},
      ddc          = {050},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-6-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {142 - Safety Research for Nuclear Waste Disposal (POF2-142)
                      / SKIN - Slow processes in close-to-equilibrium conditions
                      for radionuclides in water/solid systems of relevance to
                      nuclear waste management (269688)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-142 / G:(EU-Grant)269688},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000337646000013},
      doi          = {10.1021/es405502e},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/153776},
}