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@ARTICLE{vonHebel:153954,
      author       = {von Hebel, Christian and Rudolph, Sebastian and Mester,
                      Achim and Huisman, Johan A. and Kumbhar, Pramod and
                      Vereecken, Harry and van der Kruk, Jan},
      title        = {{T}hree-dimensional imaging of subsurface structural
                      patterns using quantitative large-scale multiconfiguration
                      electromagnetic induction data},
      journal      = {Water resources research},
      volume       = {50},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {0043-1397},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {AGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-03394},
      pages        = {2732 - 2748},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {Electromagnetic induction (EMI) systems measure the soil
                      apparent electrical conductivity (ECa), which is related to
                      the soil water content, texture, and salinity changes.
                      Large-scale EMI measurements often show relevant areal ECa
                      patterns, but only few researchers have attempted to resolve
                      vertical changes in electrical conductivity that in
                      principle can be obtained using multiconfiguration EMI
                      devices. In this work, we show that EMI measurements can be
                      used to determine the lateral and vertical distribution of
                      the electrical conductivity at the field scale and beyond.
                      Processed ECa data for six coil configurations measured at
                      the Selhausen (Germany) test site were calibrated using
                      inverted electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data from a
                      short transect with a high ECa range, and regridded using a
                      nearest neighbor interpolation. The quantitative ECa data at
                      each grid node were inverted using a novel three-layer
                      inversion that uses the shuffled complex evolution (SCE)
                      optimization and a Maxwell-based electromagnetic forward
                      model. The obtained 1-D results were stitched together to
                      form a 3-D subsurface electrical conductivity model that
                      showed smoothly varying electrical conductivities and layer
                      thicknesses, indicating the stability of the inversion. The
                      obtained electrical conductivity distributions were
                      validated with low-resolution grain size distribution maps
                      and two 120 m long ERT transects that confirmed the obtained
                      lateral and vertical large-scale electrical conductivity
                      patterns. Observed differences in the EMI and ERT inversion
                      results were attributed to differences in soil water content
                      between acquisition days. These findings indicate that EMI
                      inversions can be used to infer hydrologically active
                      layers.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {246 - Modelling and Monitoring Terrestrial Systems: Methods
                      and Technologies (POF2-246) / 255 - Terrestrial Systems:
                      From Observation to Prediction (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-246 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000334111600049},
      doi          = {10.1002/2013WR014864},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/153954},
}