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@ARTICLE{Peevey:154370,
      author       = {Peevey, Tanya and Gille, J. C. and Homeyer, C. R. and
                      Manney, G. L.},
      title        = {{T}he double tropopause and its dynamical relationship to
                      the tropopause inversion layer in storm track regions},
      journal      = {Journal of geophysical research / Atmospheres},
      volume       = {119},
      number       = {17},
      issn         = {0148-0227},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Union},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-03718},
      pages        = {10,194–10,212},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {Using High Resolution Dynamic Limb Sounder observations and
                      ERA-Interim reanalysis this study demonstrates that the warm
                      conveyor belt (WCB) is a mechanism responsible for the
                      relationship between the double tropopause (DT) and the
                      tropopause inversion layer (TIL), a relationship recently
                      suggested in the literature based on idealized model
                      simulations of baroclinic disturbances. Using these data
                      sets, spatial and temporal characteristics of the DT-TIL
                      relationship are examined over a 3 year period, 2005–2008.
                      In the extratropics, results from satellite data show that
                      as the TIL increases in strength, so does the frequency of
                      the DT, regardless of season or hemisphere. The inverse
                      relationship is found in the tropics. Using only DT
                      profiles, zonal composites of wind, relative vorticity, and
                      temperature from reanalysis data show that as the TIL
                      increases in strength, the upper tropospheric circulation
                      switches from cyclonic to anticyclonic, and the upward
                      vertical motion increases. This result suggests the WCB as a
                      mechanism since it is on the anticyclonic side of the jet
                      and is characterized by the movement of tropical air
                      poleward and upward from the surface. To verify this
                      relationship, the vertical and horizontal development of a
                      synoptic-scale baroclinic system is analyzed over a 4 day
                      period. Results show the equatorward extension of the polar
                      tropopause, and thus the formation of the DT, due to the
                      strengthening of the TIL in the region of vertical motion
                      associated with the WCB. Moreover, this result suggests that
                      air movement within the DT could originate from high
                      latitudes when associated with a baroclinic disturbance.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {234 - Composition and Dynamics of the Upper Troposphere and
                      Stratosphere (POF2-234)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-234},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000342914200007},
      doi          = {10.1002/2014JD021808},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/154370},
}