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@ARTICLE{Andre:15494,
      author       = {Andre, F. and Jonard, M. and Jonard, F. and Ponette, Q.},
      title        = {{S}patial and temporal patterns of throughfall volume in a
                      deciduous mixed-species stand},
      journal      = {Journal of hydrology},
      volume       = {400},
      issn         = {0022-1694},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-15494},
      year         = {2011},
      note         = {This research was co-funded by a FRIA (Fonds pour la
                      Recherche dans l'Industrie et l'Agriculture) grant and the
                      "Accord cadre - Recherche et Vulgarisation forestieres"
                      project. We wish to thank Ir. A. Barjasse and the local
                      forester A. Laboureix for giving us access to the site. We
                      are grateful to E. Dambrine for his advices as well as to C.
                      Nys and his technical team and to J. Morren for technical
                      and material assistance. Field measurements and maintenance
                      were carried out by C. Tilquin, M. Pierard, F. Plume, and F.
                      Hardy. We also gratefully thank the two anonymous reviewers
                      for their constructive comments and suggestions on an
                      earlier version of the manuscript.},
      abstract     = {The effects of canopy structure on the spatial and temporal
                      patterns of throughfall (TF) in deciduous mixed-species
                      stands remains poorly documented. TF was collected on a rain
                      event basis in an oak-beech stand, within 12 structural
                      units of contrasting densities (low, LD; high, HD) and
                      species composition (beech, oak, mixture) delimited by three
                      neighbouring trees. A roof was installed at the centre of
                      each unit, and gutters were placed at the periphery of the
                      LD units. Based on selected rain events, a simplified mass
                      balance approach was used to describe water fluxes reaching
                      and leaving the canopy. During the leafed season, the
                      proportions of incident rainfall (RF) collected as TF on the
                      roofs steadily increased with increasing RF up to a RF
                      volume of about 5 mm; for larger RF volumes, IF proportions
                      stabilised around $55\%$ under pure (LD, HD) beech and HD
                      mixture, and around $65\%$ under pure (LD, HD) oak and LD
                      mixture. During the leafless period, TF proportions (on
                      average $60\%)$ were independent of RF but were still
                      affected by local stand characteristics (HD mixture < HD
                      beech < HD oak < LD beech and mixture < LD oak). At canopy
                      saturation, lateral transfers as branch flow (BF) were
                      substantial (35 <= $(BF/RF)\%$ <= 46) in all plots, and were
                      significantly higher in the HD units compared to the LD
                      plots in the leafless period; part of BF falled down as
                      indirect TF before reaching the trunks, except in the HD
                      units during the leafless season where stemflow and BF were
                      similar. A mechanistic numerical model using rainfall
                      partitioning parameters determined in this study allowed to
                      successfully describe real-time throughfall measurements.
                      (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Engineering, Civil / Geosciences, Multidisciplinary / Water
                      Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000289325100021},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.01.037},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/15494},
}