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@ARTICLE{Nghiem:154993,
      author       = {Nghiem, Hoa and Costi, Theodoulos},
      title        = {{T}ime-dependent numerical renormalization group method for
                      multiple quenches: {A}pplication to general pulses and
                      periodic driving},
      journal      = {Physical review / B},
      volume       = {90},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1098-0121},
      address      = {College Park, Md.},
      publisher    = {APS},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-04192},
      pages        = {035129},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {The time-dependent numerical renormalization group method
                      (TDNRG) [Anders et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 196801 (2005)]
                      was recently generalized to multiple quenches and arbitrary
                      finite temperatures [Nghiem et al., Phys. Rev. B 89, 075118
                      (2014)] by using the full density matrix approach
                      [Weichselbaum et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 076402 (2007)].
                      The formalism rests solely on the numerical renormalization
                      group (NRG) approximation. In this paper, we numerically
                      implement this formalism to study the response of a quantum
                      impurity system to a general pulse and to periodic driving,
                      in which a smooth pulse or a periodic train of pulses is
                      approximated by a sufficient number of quenches. We show how
                      the NRG approximation affects the trace of the projected
                      density matrices and the continuity of the time evolution of
                      a local observable. We also investigate the long-time limit
                      of a local observable upon switching from a given initial
                      state to a given final state as a function of both the pulse
                      shape and the switch-on time, finding that this limit is
                      improved for smoother pulse shapes and longer switch-on
                      times. This lends support to our earlier suggestion that the
                      long-time limit of observables, following a quench between a
                      given initial state and a given final state, can be improved
                      by replacing a sudden large and instantaneous quench by a
                      sequence of smaller ones acting over a finite time interval:
                      longer switch-on times and smoother pulses, i.e., increased
                      adiabaticity, favor relaxation of the system to its correct
                      thermodynamic long-time limit. For the case of periodic
                      driving, we compare the TDNRG results to the exact analytic
                      ones for the noninteracting resonant level model, finding
                      better agreement at short to intermediate time scales in the
                      case of smoother driving fields. Finally, we demonstrate the
                      validity of the multiple-quench TDNRG formalism for
                      arbitrary temperatures by studying the time evolution of the
                      occupation number in the interacting Anderson impurity model
                      in response to a periodic switching of the local level from
                      the mixed valence to the Kondo regime at low, intermediate,
                      and high temperatures.},
      cin          = {IAS-3 / PGI-2 / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-3-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-2-20110106 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {424 - Exploratory materials and phenomena (POF2-424) /
                      Thermoelectric properties of molecular quantum dots and
                      time-dependent response of quantum dots $(jiff23_20140501)$},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-424 / $G:(DE-Juel1)jiff23_20140501$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000339481800002},
      doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevB.90.035129},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/154993},
}