000156071 001__ 156071
000156071 005__ 20240712100831.0
000156071 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.5194/acpd-14-9849-2014
000156071 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/7979
000156071 037__ $$aFZJ-2014-04954
000156071 082__ $$a550
000156071 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aWeigel, R$$b0$$eCorresponding Author
000156071 245__ $$aEnhancements of the refractory submicron aerosol fraction in the Arctic polar vortex: feature or exception ?
000156071 260__ $$aKatlenburg-Lindau$$bEGU$$c2014
000156071 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s156071
000156071 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article
000156071 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article
000156071 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE
000156071 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE
000156071 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle
000156071 520__ $$aIn situ measurements with a 4-channel stratospheric condensation particle counter (CPC) were conducted at up to 20 km altitude on board the aircraft M-55 Geophysica from Kiruna, Sweden, in January through March (EUPLEX 2003; RECONCILE 2010) and in December (ESSenCe, 2011). During all campaigns air masses from the upper stratosphere and mesosphere were subsiding inside the Arctic winter vortex, thus transporting refractory aerosol into the lower stratosphere (Θ<500 K) by vertical dispersion. The strength and extent of this downward transport varied between the years depending on the dynamical evolution of the vortex. Inside the vortex and at altitudes of potential temperatures Θ ≥ 450 K as many as eight of eleven particles per cm3 contained refractory material, thermally stable residuals with diameters from 10 nm to a few μm which endure heat exposure of 250 °C. Particle mixing ratios (up to 150 refractory particles per milligram of air) and fractions of non-volatile particles (up to 75% of totally detected particles) reach highest values in air masses with lowest content of nitrous oxide (N2O, down to 70 nmol mol−1). This indicates that refractory aerosol originates from the upper stratosphere or the mesosphere. From mixing ratios of the long lived tracer N2O (simultaneously measured in situ) an empirical index was derived which serves to differentiate air masses according to their origin from inside the vortex, the vortex edge region, and outside the vortex. Previously, observed high fractions of refractory submicron aerosol in the 2003 Arctic vortex were ascribed to unusually strong subsidence during that winter. Measurements under perturbed vortex conditions in 2010 and during early winter in December 2011, however, revealed similarly high values. Thus, the abundance of refractory aerosol at high levels appears to be a feature rather than the exception for the Arctic vortices. During December, the import from aloft into the lower stratosphere appears to be developing; thereafter the abundance of refractory aerosol inside the vortex reaches its highest levels until March. A measurement-based estimate of the total mass of refractory aerosol inside the vortex is provided for each campaign. Based on the derived increase of particle mass in the lower stratospheric vortex (100–67 hPa pressure altitude) on the order of 32 × 106 kg between early and late winter and assuming a mesospheric origin, we estimate the total mass of mesospheric particles deposited in the Arctic vortex and compare it to the expected atmospheric influx of meteoritic material (110 ± 55 × 103 kg per day). Such estimates at present still hold considerable uncertainties which are discussed in detail. Nevertheless, the results strongly suggest that the Arctic vortex easily achieves the drainage of all meteoric material deposited on the upper atmosphere.
000156071 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF2-234$$a234 - Composition and Dynamics of the Upper Troposphere and Stratosphere (POF2-234)$$cPOF2-234$$fPOF II$$x0
000156071 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aVolk, C. M.$$b1
000156071 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKandler, K.$$b2
000156071 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHösen, E.$$b3
000156071 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129123$$aGünther, Gebhard$$b4$$ufzj
000156071 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129164$$aVogel, Bärbel$$b5$$ufzj
000156071 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129122$$aGrooss, Jens-Uwe$$b6$$ufzj
000156071 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKhaykin, S.$$b7
000156071 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBelyaev, G. V.$$b8
000156071 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBorrmann, S.$$b9
000156071 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2069857-4$$a10.5194/acpd-14-9849-2014$$p9849-9901$$tAtmospheric chemistry and physics / Discussions$$v14$$x1680-7367$$y2014
000156071 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/156071/files/FZJ-2014-04954.pdf$$yOpenAccess
000156071 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/156071/files/FZJ-2014-04954.jpg?subformat=icon-144$$xicon-144$$yOpenAccess
000156071 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/156071/files/FZJ-2014-04954.jpg?subformat=icon-180$$xicon-180$$yOpenAccess
000156071 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/156071/files/FZJ-2014-04954.jpg?subformat=icon-640$$xicon-640$$yOpenAccess
000156071 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:156071$$pdnbdelivery$$pVDB$$pVDB:Earth_Environment$$pdriver$$popen_access$$popenaire
000156071 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)129123$$aForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH$$b4$$kFZJ
000156071 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)129164$$aForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH$$b5$$kFZJ
000156071 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)129122$$aForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH$$b6$$kFZJ
000156071 9132_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-240$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-200$$aDE-HGF$$bPOF III$$lMarine, Küsten- und Polare Systeme$$vAtmosphäre und Klima$$x0
000156071 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF2-234$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF2-230$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF2-200$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF2$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bErde und Umwelt$$lAtmosphäre und Klima$$vComposition and Dynamics of the Upper Troposphere and Stratosphere$$x0
000156071 9141_ $$y2014
000156071 915__ $$0LIC:(DE-HGF)CCBY3$$2HGFVOC$$aCreative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0
000156071 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0020$$2StatID$$aNo Peer review
000156071 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0510$$2StatID$$aOpenAccess
000156071 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0200$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bSCOPUS
000156071 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0500$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ
000156071 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013$$kIEK-7$$lStratosphäre$$x0
000156071 9801_ $$aFullTexts
000156071 980__ $$ajournal
000156071 980__ $$aVDB
000156071 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED
000156071 980__ $$aFullTexts
000156071 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013
000156071 981__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)ICE-4-20101013