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@ARTICLE{Schelder:16085,
      author       = {Schelder, S. and Zaade, D. and Litsanov, B. and Bott, M.
                      and Brocker, M.},
      title        = {{T}he two-component signal transduction system {C}op{RS} of
                      {C}orynebacterium glutamicum is required for adaptation to
                      copper-excess stress},
      journal      = {PLoS one},
      volume       = {6},
      issn         = {1932-6203},
      address      = {Lawrence, Kan.},
      publisher    = {PLoS},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-16085},
      pages        = {e22143},
      year         = {2011},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      comment      = {online available},
      booktitle     = {online available},
      abstract     = {Copper is an essential cofactor for many enzymes but at
                      high concentrations it is toxic for the cell. Copper ion
                      concentrations ≥50 µM inhibited growth of Corynebacterium
                      glutamicum. The transcriptional response to 20 µM Cu(2+)
                      was studied using DNA microarrays and revealed 20 genes that
                      showed a ≥ 3-fold increased mRNA level, including
                      cg3281-cg3289. Several genes in this genomic region code for
                      proteins presumably involved in the adaption to
                      copper-induced stress, e. g. a multicopper oxidase (CopO)
                      and a copper-transport ATPase (CopB). In addition, this
                      region includes the copRS genes (previously named cgtRS9)
                      which encode a two-component signal transduction system
                      composed of the histidine kinase CopS and the response
                      regulator CopR. Deletion of the copRS genes increased the
                      sensitivity of C. glutamicum towards copper ions, but not to
                      other heavy metal ions. Using comparative transcriptome
                      analysis of the ΔcopRS mutant and the wild type in
                      combination with electrophoretic mobility shift assays and
                      reporter gene studies the CopR regulon and the DNA-binding
                      motif of CopR were identified. Evidence was obtained that
                      CopR binds only to the intergenic region between cg3285
                      (copR) and cg3286 in the genome of C. glutamicum and
                      activates expression of the divergently oriented gene
                      clusters cg3285-cg3281 and cg3286-cg3289. Altogether, our
                      data suggest that CopRS is the key regulatory system in C.
                      glutamicum for the extracytoplasmic sensing of elevated
                      copper ion concentrations and for induction of a set of
                      genes capable of diminishing copper stress.},
      keywords     = {Adaptation, Physiological: drug effects / Adaptation,
                      Physiological: genetics / Bacterial Proteins: genetics /
                      Bacterial Proteins: metabolism / Base Sequence / Binding
                      Sites / Copper: toxicity / Corynebacterium glutamicum:
                      cytology / Corynebacterium glutamicum: drug effects /
                      Corynebacterium glutamicum: genetics / Corynebacterium
                      glutamicum: physiology / DNA, Bacterial: genetics / DNA,
                      Bacterial: metabolism / Gene Expression Regulation,
                      Bacterial: drug effects / Gene Expression Regulation,
                      Bacterial: genetics / Genes, Bacterial: genetics /
                      Homeostasis: drug effects / Homeostasis: genetics / Mutation
                      / Nucleotide Motifs: genetics / Phosphorylation: drug
                      effects / Phosphorylation: genetics / Protein Kinases:
                      genetics / Protein Kinases: metabolism / Signal
                      Transduction: drug effects / Signal Transduction: genetics /
                      Stress, Physiological: drug effects / Stress, Physiological:
                      genetics / Bacterial Proteins (NLM Chemicals) / DNA,
                      Bacterial (NLM Chemicals) / Copper (NLM Chemicals) / Protein
                      Kinases (NLM Chemicals) / protein-histidine kinase (NLM
                      Chemicals) / J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IBT-1},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB55},
      pnm          = {Biotechnologie},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK410},
      shelfmark    = {Biology},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:21799779},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC3140484},
      UT           = {WOS:000292931200027},
      doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0022143},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/16085},
}