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@ARTICLE{Birkel:16640,
      author       = {Birkel, C. S. and Claudio, T. and Panthöfer, M. and
                      Birkel, A. and Koll, D. and Kieslich, G. and Schmidt, J. and
                      Hermann, R. and Tremel, W.},
      title        = {{P}roperties of spark plasma sintered nanostructured {Z}n1
                      x{S}b},
      journal      = {Physica status solidi / A},
      volume       = {208},
      issn         = {0031-8965},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-16640},
      pages        = {1913 - 1919},
      year         = {2011},
      note         = {The Advanced Photon Source APS Argonne/Chicago is
                      acknowledged for synchrotron radiation beam time. The DFG
                      priority program SPP1386 "Nanostructured Thermoelectrics" is
                      acknowledged for the support of this study. C.S.B. is a
                      recipient of a fellowship from MATCOR, the Graduate School
                      of Excellence of the State of Rhineland-Palatinate. R.H.
                      acknowledges support from the Helmholtz-University Young
                      Investigator Group "Lattices Dynamics in Emerging Functional
                      Materials".},
      abstract     = {Engineering materials with specific physical properties has
                      recently focused on the effect of nanoscopic inhomogeneities
                      at the 10 nm scale. Such features are expected to scatter
                      medium and long-wavelength phonons lowering thereby the
                      thermal conductivity of the system without simultaneously
                      decreasing the charge transport (phonon-glass
                      electron-crystal concept). A new Zn1+xSb nanophase obtained
                      by a wet chemical approach was densified by spark plasma
                      sintering (SPS). Investigations on compounds subsumed as
                      "Zn4Sb3" always suffer from its low thermal stability and
                      the contamination of the nanoparticles with solvents and
                      additives used in the synthesis. In order to gain insight
                      into this compound's electronic properties we investigated a
                      material free from remnants of the synthesis but
                      contaminated with a small amount of well-characterized
                      decomposition product, i.e., ZnSb. To investigate the
                      influence of the sintering process on the densified samples,
                      different SPS conditions were applied. Four different
                      conditions were used with heating rates between 160 degrees
                      and 230 degrees C/min, sintering temperatures between 130
                      and 190 degrees C and sintering times between 3 and 6 min.
                      Powders from the surface of the pellets were subject to
                      powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) yielding information about
                      the surface composition. Small pieces of the pellets were
                      also characterized using high-energy synchrotron radiation
                      scattering in order to reveal the phase compositions inside
                      the pellets. Small changes in the sintering conditions of
                      the samples were found to have a large influence on the
                      resulting sample compositions. In addition, the phase
                      compositions on the surface differ significantly from the
                      ones inside the pellets which show a much higher grade of
                      decomposition. The density and morphology of the obtained
                      pellets have been investigated by means of laser microscopy
                      and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The low density and
                      porosity of the different pellets is a result of the
                      graphite pressing tool which has to be used to ensure the
                      temperature control during the SPS process. (C) 2011
                      WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH $\&$ Co. KGaA, Weinheim},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {JARA-FIT / JCNS-2 / PGI-4},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {$I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$ / I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-2-20110106 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-4-20110106},
      pnm          = {Grundlagen für zukünftige Informationstechnologien /
                      Großgeräte für die Forschung mit Photonen, Neutronen und
                      Ionen (PNI)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK412 / G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK415},
      shelfmark    = {Materials Science, Multidisciplinary / Physics, Applied /
                      Physics, Condensed Matter},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000294619600032},
      doi          = {10.1002/pssa.201026665},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/16640},
}